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Bonding Part III

V. S. E. P. Bonding Part III. R. Unit 5: Bonding Mrs. Callender. Lesson Essential Question:. How do I Predict Molecular Shape?. VSEPR stands for…. V alence. S hell. E lectron. The structure around a given atom is determined principally by minimizing electron pair repulsions.

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Bonding Part III

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  1. V S E P Bonding Part III R Unit 5: Bonding Mrs. Callender

  2. Lesson Essential Question: How do I Predict Molecular Shape?

  3. VSEPR stands for…. Valence Shell Electron The structure around a given atom is determined principally by minimizing electron pair repulsions. Pair Repulsion

  4. How to predict a VSEPR Structure? 1. Draw a Lewis Dot Structure 2. Put pairs as far apart as possible. Determine position of atoms from the way the electron pairs are shared and unshared. 4. Determine the name of the molecular structure from positions of the atoms and electron pairs.

  5. Electron Pair Count and Geometry Linear – two pairs on the central atom. Trigonal – three pairs on the central atom. Tetrahedral – four pairs on the central atom. Trigonal Bipyramidal – five pairs on the central atom. Octahedral – six pairs on the central atom. A number of possibilities – seven pairs on the central atom.

  6. How do I figure out the geometry? Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s 2 Linear, 180o Linear 2 BP BeCl2 Be– 2 valence e- 2 Cl – 14 valence e- Total = 16 valence e- Two Bonding Pair (BP) of electrons and no unbonded pair of electrons fits the Linear criteria. Cl Be Cl AX2E0

  7. 3 Trigonal Planar, 120o Trigonal Planar 3 BP BF3 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s B– 3 valence e- 3 F – 21 valence e- Total = 24 valence e- Three Bonding Pair (BP) of electrons and no unbonded pair of electrons fits the Trigonal Planar criteria. B F F AX3E0 F

  8. 3 Bent Trigonal Planar, 120o 2 BP 1 LP SO2 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s S – 6 valence e- 2 O– 12 valence e- Total = 18 valence e- One Lone Pair (LP) of electrons. S O O This structure has resonance so the bonds between the S and O represent 2 Bonding Pairs (BP) of electrons. AX2E1

  9. Tetrahedral 4 Tetrahedral 109.5o 4 BP CH4 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s C – 4 valence e- 4H– 4 valence e- Total = 8 valence e- 4 Bonding Pairs of electrons and no Lone Pair of electrons has this compound as a Tetrahedral. H H C H AX4E0 H

  10. Trigonal Pyramidal 4 Tetrahedral 109.5o 3 BP 1 LP NH3 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s N – 5 valence e- 3 H– 3 valence e- Total = 8 valence e- 3 Bonding Pairs of electrons and one Lone Pair of electrons has this compound as a Trigonal Pyramidal. H N H AX3E1 H

  11. Bent 4 Tetrahedral 109.5o 2 BP 2 LP H2O Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s 2 H – 2 valence e- O– 6 valence e- Total = 8 valence e- O H H 3 Bonding Pairs of electrons andTwoLone Pair of electrons has this compound as a Trigonal Pyramidal. AX2E2

  12. Trigonal Bipyramidal 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal 120o, 90o 5 BP PCl5 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s Cl P – 5 valence e- 5 Cl – 35 valence e- Total = 40 valence e- v Cl Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. Cl P 5 Bonding Pairs of electrons and no Lone Pair of electrons has this compound as a Trigonal Bipyramidal Cl AX5E0 Cl

  13. See-Saw 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal 120o, 90o 4 BP 1 LP SF4 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s S – 6 valence e- 4 F – 28 valence e- Total = 34 valence e- v F Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. F S 4 Bonding Pairs of electrons and One Lone Pair of electrons has this compound as a See Saw F F AX4E1

  14. T-Shaped 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal 120o, 90o 3 BP 2 LP ICl3 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s I – 7 valence e- 3 Cl – 21 valence e- Total = 28 valence e- Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. Cl Cl I 3 Bonding Pairs of electrons and Two Lone Pair of electrons has this compound as T-Shaped. Cl AX3E2

  15. Linear 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal 120o, 90o 2 BP 3 LP I3-1 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s 3 I – 21 valence e- -1 charge – 1 valence e- Total = 22 valence e- Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. I I I 2 Bonding Pairs of electrons and Three Lone Pair of electrons has this compound as Linear. AX2E3

  16. Octahedral 6 Octahedral 90o 6 BP SF6 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s F S – 6 valence e- 6 F – 42 valence e- Total = 48 valence e- F Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. F S F 6 Bonding Pairs of electrons and noLone Pair of electrons has this compound as an Octahedral. F F AX6E0

  17. Square Pyramid 6 Octahedral 90o 5 BP 1 LP IF5 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s F I – 7 valence e- 5 F – 35 valence e- Total = 42 valence e- Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. F I F 5 Bonding Pairs of electrons and OneLone Pair of electrons has this compound as a Square Pyramidal. F F AX5E1

  18. Square Planar 6 Octahedral 90o 4 BP 2 LP XeF4 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s Xe – 8 valence e- 4 F – 28 valence e- Total = 32 valence e- F F Xe Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. 4 Bonding Pairs of electrons and TwoLone Pair of electrons has this compound as a Square Planar F F AX4E2

  19. Pentagonal Bipyramid Pentagonal Bipyramid 7 7BP IF7 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s F I– 7 valence e- 7F –49valence e- Total =56valence e- F F Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. I F 7Bonding Pairs of electrons and NoLone Pair electrons has this compound as a Pentagonal Bipyramid. F F AX7E0 F

  20. Pentagonal Pyramidal Pentagonal Bipyramid 7 6 BP 1 LP IOF5-2 Electron Pair # Geometrical Arrangement Types of e- Pairs Molecular Shapes Ball and Stick Model Ex’s O I– 7 valence e- 5F – 35 valence e- O – 6 valence e- -2 charge – 2 valence e- Total = 50valence e- F I Some elements can have EXPANDED Octets which means they can have more than the eight electrons around the central atom. F F 6 Bonding Pairs of electrons andOneLone Pair electrons has this compound as a Pentagonal Pyramidal. F AX6E1 F

  21. Dotted Line and Wedge Model Linear AX2E0 Trigonal Planar AX3E0 Bent AX2E1

  22. Dotted Line and Wedge Model Tetrahedral AX4E0 Trigonal Pyramidal AX3E1 Bent AX2E2

  23. Dotted Line and Wedge Model Octahedral AX6E0 Square Pyramid AX5E1 Square Planar AX4E2

  24. Dotted Line and Wedge Model Pentagonal Bipyramid AX7E0 Pentagonal Pyramid AX6E1

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