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Developing a Systematic Review

Developing a Systematic Review. Fiona Morgan. STEP 1 Develop a protocol. Focused question. PICO/PECO Population/Problem Intervention or Exposure Comparator/Control Outcome(s). And…. Study design Languages Publication status Years. STEP 2 Search the Literature.

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Developing a Systematic Review

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  1. Developing a Systematic Review Fiona Morgan

  2. STEP 1 Develop a protocol

  3. Focused question PICO/PECO • Population/Problem • Intervention or Exposure • Comparator/Control • Outcome(s)

  4. And… • Study design • Languages • Publication status • Years

  5. STEP 2 Search the Literature

  6. Search the Literature • Search a range of relevant databases • Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Cinahl, Web of Knowledge, ASSIA, PsycINFO, Childdata, Ageline, Social Care Online, Scopus • Report search terms used • Indexed terms and keywords • Sufficient range of years

  7. Search the literature Snowballing • Key journals • Hand/e-TOCs searching • Unpublished research • Experts/Manufacturers/Trial registers • Non-journal literature • Websites • Reference lists

  8. STEP 3 Select studies for Inclusion

  9. STEP 4 Quality assessment/ Risk of bias

  10. Included studies • A priori inclusion criteria • Identified in protocol • Selection • Title and abstract • Full text • Independently in duplicate • Reduction of error and bias • Checklist/form

  11. Quality Assessment • Identify best available evidence • Detect risk of bias • Completed independently in duplicate • Reduces error and bias • Tools • Critical appraisal checklists • Cochrane risk of bias

  12. STEP 5 Data extraction

  13. Data extraction Develop and test form • Clear process • Confirmed understanding Process: • Independently in duplicate • Reduces error and bias

  14. STEP 6 Meta-analysis or narrative synthesis

  15. Meta-analysis? • Needs statistician input • Specify proposed methods in protocol • Heterogeneity • How significant? • Narrative synthesis

  16. Step 7 Present findings

  17. Present findings • Balanced and impartial summary • Interpret the results • Contextualise • Identify limitations And… disseminate findings

  18. Useful Resources

  19. Available via Cardiff University resources as an e-Book

  20. Available online http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/

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