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Science Olympiad Fossils Division B 2015 1- Event Overview

Teams showcase knowledge of ancient life through tasks at stations, focusing on fossil identification and related topics like dating methods and habitats. Participants must have tools and resources to demonstrate their expertise effectively.

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Science Olympiad Fossils Division B 2015 1- Event Overview

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  1. Science OlympiadFossilsDivision B20151- Event Overview

  2. EVENT DESCRIPTION • Teams demonstrate their knowledge of ancient life by completing selected tasks at a series of stations. Emphasis is on fossil identification and the ability to answer questions about classification, habitat, ecologic relationships, behaviors and the use of fossils to date and correlate rock units

  3. EVENT PARAMETERS • A team of up to 2 will demonstrate knowledge of fossils • Writing implements, hand lenses, and resources are allowed; 1 field guide, 1 magnifying glass, and 1 3-ring binder • National Test Div B format will be 20 stations, 100 questions • Samples will be taken from the official NSO list, unless otherwise noted

  4. EVENT TOPICS • Specimen identification of Invertebrate and vertebrate Fossils • Conditions required for a plant or an animal to become fossilized • Common modes of preservation: permineralization, petrifaction/petrification, mineral replacement, cast/mold, imprint, actual remains. Uncommon modes of preservation include encased in amber, mummification, freezing, trapped in tar/asphalt

  5. EVENT TOPICS • Relative dating: law of superposition, original horizontality, cross cutting relationships, unconformities (buried erosion surfaces). • Absolute dating: radiometric dating, half life, volcanic ash layers. • Geologic Time Scale • Index Fossils • Fossil bearing sedimentary rocks: limestone, shale, sandstone, mudstone, coquina, etc • Modes of life: filter feeder, predator, scavenger, deposit feeder, benthic, pelagic, etc.

  6. EVENT TOPICS • Environments: marine, terrestrial, fresh water, etc. • Mineral and organic components of skeletons, shells, etc: calcite, aragonite, silica, chiton • Taxonomic hierarchy: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species • Adaptations and morphologic features of major fossils groups (ie. Trilobites – compound eye on Phacops; lack of eyes on Cryptolithus; body parts – cephalon, thorax, pygidium) • Important paleontological events & discoveries and their significance, Ediacaran fossils, Burgess Shale, Permian extinction, Dinosaurs with feathers from China, Cretaceous extinction, Pleistocene Ice Age.

  7. Be Reasonable! Middle school students mostly have not had biology so the emphases in Div B should be on common names and the ability to recognize the species names that are on the list In Div C all the rules should apply.

  8. Expectations • Be on time • If you are going to miss a meeting send me an email • Check your email and Scholl Science Olympiad Web site for Updates and changes • Bring your Team Book and Binder to each meeting • Enjoy and have fun

  9. Fossils

  10. Different Fossil Types

  11. Geologic time scale http://www.geosociety.org/science/timescale/timescl.pdf

  12. Index fossils

  13. Questions ?

  14. Next Week’s Topics? • How Fossils are formed

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