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Essential Vitamins and Minerals for Health: A Guide to Nutritional Benefits

Explore the importance of vitamins A, E, and C, magnesium, calcium, iron, fiber, folic acid, and water in maintaining health. Learn about vitamin requirements, dietary supplements market, fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, minerals like calcium, and the differences between fortification and enrichment in foods.

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Essential Vitamins and Minerals for Health: A Guide to Nutritional Benefits

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  1. Nutrition8th Grade Objective 1.2

  2. Objective 1.2 • Summarize the benefits of consuming adequate amounts of vitamins A, E, and C, magnesium, calcium, iron, fiber, folic acid, and water in a variety of foods.

  3. Vitamins and Minerals

  4. The Nature of Vitamins • Vitamins are organic (carbon) compounds needed for normal function, growth and maintenance. • Vitamins are cofactors, they don’t do anything by themselves. • They are not a source of calories.

  5. Vitamin Requirements • Daily Values (DV): standard nutrient intake values developed by FDA • Disease prevention • Best met through a consumption of a wide variety of foods

  6. Dietary Supplements $6 Billion Market • They are classified as “Nutritional Supplements” They are not foods, and not drugs.* • Supplements are “Product intended to supplement the diet and contains vitamins, minerals, botanicals, amino acids, and their extracts.” • NOT consumed as a food replacement • Loosely regulated, “not evaluated by FDA” By definitiona “drug” is used to “prevent, treat or cure” disease. These terms cannot be used with supplements. Use of some supplements is backed by scientific data.

  7. Fat Soluble Vitamins • A – orange, helps vision, antioxidant- used as color and antioxidant • D – we make it with sunlight, deficiency causes rickets, in milk, regulates Calcium:Potassium ratios • E – antioxidants, role in preventing stroke, cancer, heart disease- used as antioxidant • K – contributes to blood clotting factor

  8. Make Foldable • Take out 4 pieces of blank paper.

  9. Vitamins

  10. Vitamins

  11. Water Soluble Vitamins • Relatively cheap to add to food • Only Vitamin C is used for its functionality

  12. Vitamin C • Ascorbic acid • Very inexpensive to add to food, marketing tool. Antioxidant • Deficiency leads to bleeding gums, hemorrhages • High in citrus fruits, limes, (Limeys)

  13. Vitamin C - Scurvy

  14. Minerals

  15. Calcium • Osteoporosis – a pediatric disease with geriatric consequences National Osteoporosis Foundation www.nof.org

  16. Minerals

  17. Fortification vs Enrichment • Fortification - restores lost nutrients due to processing • Enrichment – adds nutritional value to meet a specific standard

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