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Chapter 8 Key Issue III: Why do states cooperate with each other?

Chapter 8 Key Issue III: Why do states cooperate with each other? . By: Mohima Yeasmin. Political and Military Cooperation. Cold war: (1940s-1990s) most states joined the U.N. as well as regional organizations

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Chapter 8 Key Issue III: Why do states cooperate with each other?

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  1. Chapter 8Key Issue III: Why do states cooperate with each other? By: Mohima Yeasmin

  2. Political and Military Cooperation • Cold war: (1940s-1990s) most states joined the U.N. as well as regional organizations • Regional organizations: put in to prevent and 3rd word war and to protect from foreign attack

  3. The United Nations • Established in 1945 • Stared as 49 states, grew to 191 in 2003 • Rapidly increased in: • 1955: 16 countries joined; mostly European • 1960: 17 countries joined • 1990: 26 countries joined; break up of soviet union and Yugoslavia

  4. The 5 permanent members of the Security Council • China • France • Russia • United Kingdom • United States • They could veto

  5. League of Nations • World’s first attempt at international peacemaking was the League of Nation • Established after World War I • Was never effective • In 1930s Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union withdrew

  6. Regional Military Alliances • In addition to joining the U.N. lots of states joined regional military alliances • Resulted to states as superpowers: • Soviet Union • United States

  7. Era of Two Superpowers • Before World War I, 8 great powers existed • By 1940s is when the other countries were sort of beaten by the two world wars and only the U.S. and the Soviet Union remained • When lots of states were ranked in the great powers range with equal strength, not one state could dominate so they joined up to form a balance of powers

  8. NATO • North Atlantic Treaty Org. • Signed Washington Treaty in 1949 • Originally made to prevent Soviet Union from overrunning West Germany • Now used to promote peace and security • A military alliance • US and Canada are the only countries not in Europe

  9. Warsaw Pact • Military alliance of communist E. Europe countries • Made to defend each other if one was attacked

  10. OAS • Org. of American States • Western hemisphere • Promotes social, cultural, political and economics links

  11. OAU • Org. for African Unity • Promoted end of colonialism in Africa • Priority-eliminate minority, white-ruled government in S. Africa

  12. Commonwealth of Nations • UK and other former British colonies, African states or islands • Made to get economic and cultural cooperation

  13. European Union • Increasingly turned to economic cooperation • Western Europe's most important organization • Formerly known as the European Economic Community, the common market, and the European Community • Established in 1958 • Included 6 countries: Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands • Main task of the European Union is promote development within the member states simultaneously • Being in the E.U. it makes it easy for the members to trade and cross borders

  14. Former Communist Countries and the E.U. • In 1949 during the cold was 7 Eastern European communist states in the Warsaw Pact formed an organization for economic cooperation, the council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) • Germany lost most of it’s territory after WWII • After Germany was defeated in World War II the victorious allies carved the country and it’s capital city of Berlin into four zones • Each zone was controlled by one of the victors: the U.S. France the U.K. and the former Soviet Union

  15. Former Communist Countries and the E.U. cont… • Eight former communist countries joined the E.U. in 2004 that made the most progress in converting to market economies: the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, Cyprus, and Malta • Turkey was not European enough to join the E.U.

  16. Global Forces, Local Impacts • ***German Domination of Western Europe • Economic and political unity may have reduced the importance of nation-states in Western Europe • Germany is a newer nation- state than others of western Europe

  17. Satellite Imagery of Military Sites • Geographers interpret images sent from satellites to understand what is going on in places that cannot be reached by foot or a motor vehicle • Photographs taken by reconnaissance aircraft have long been an important military tool • The U.S. and other countries have long depended on satellite images to monitor military activities in other places in the world

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