Demographic Transition & Family Planning

1. Demographic Transition & Family Planning Lecture #34

2. The Demographic Transition • The theory of the demographic transition is the theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to industrialization and increased affluence, it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth.

3. Demographic Stages: Pre-industrial stage Transitional stage Industrial stage Post-industrial stage

4. 1. Pre-industrial stage • High birth rates and death rates • Famines, plagues, & wars ***Population grows slowly

5. 2. Transitional stage • Decreased death rate - Improved health care - Reliable food supplies • High birth rate **Population grows rapidly

6. 3. Industrial stage • decline in birth rate • relatively low death rate ** population growth slows

7. 4. Post-industrial stage • low birth rate and death rate • population is better educated • population is more affluent • steps to limit family sizes • desires for smaller families ** population grows very slowly or not at all ex: USA, Canada, Australia, Japan, Europe

8. Overview:Demographic Transition Stages

9. The Stages of the Demographic Transition • Phase 1: Slow population growth because there are high birth rates and high death rates which offset each other. • Phase 2: Rapid population growth because birth rates remain high but death rates decline due to better sanitation, clean drinking water, increased access to food and goods, and access to health care. • Phase 3: Stable population growth as the economy and educational system improves and people have fewer children. • Phase 4: Declining population growth because the relatively high level of affluence and economic develop encourage women to delay having children.

10. Development & Family Planning! • Family planning- the regulation of the number or spacing of offspring through the use of birth control.