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Chapter 15

Chapter 15. Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular System. Integumentary System. Functions of the Skin – This is our primary organ of the IS. It includes: Skin Hair Nails Sebaceous Glands Sweat Glands. Functions. 1. Provides a protective covering for your body.

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Chapter 15

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  1. Chapter 15 Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular System

  2. Integumentary System • Functions of the Skin – This is our primary organ of the IS. It includes: • Skin • Hair • Nails • Sebaceous Glands • Sweat Glands

  3. Functions • 1. Provides a protective covering for your body. • Main barrier between your internal organs and the outside world. • Sheilds organs from outside invaders and pathogens and the suns UV Rays • Its waterproof!! • Has a water carrying capacity that contributes to its elasticity and the body’s balance of fluids and electrolytes.

  4. Functions Cont……… • 2. Regulating Body Temperature • Helps keep the body temperature constant • When body gets too hot, tiny blood vessels enlarge allowing body heat to escape in a process called Radiation • The sweat glands become active to help cool the body by releasing Perspiration

  5. Functions Cont….. • 3. Enables you to feel the world around you • Skin is a major sense organ • Its your way of being able to communicate with the world around you through touch and feel.

  6. Structure of the Skin • Your Skin has two main layers to it • 1. Epidermis • 2. Dermis

  7. EPIDERMIS • This is known as the outer layer of the skin and is made up of both living and dead cells. • Contains a substance called LIPIDS. This is what makes skin waterproof. • The dead cells of the skin are either rubbed off through clothing or when you wash. • Through this shedding, your outer layer of skin will replace itself about once a month • Some of the cells in the Epidermis produce MELANIN which is the pigment that gives your skin its color…….. • The more Melanin in your body, the darker your skin

  8. DERMIS • This is the inner layer of the skin and is made up of Connective Tissue which gives the skin its Elasticity or Spongy, Flexible Quality. • Nerve endings and hair follicles also extend into the Dermis • Sweat Glands and Sebaceous Glands also extend down into the Dermis

  9. Even Farther Down Below • Farther down below the Dermis is the Hypodermis. • The HYPODERMIS is not part of your skin, but it attaches the skin to bone and muscle. Did You Know? The Epidermis is as thick as seven sheets of paper….. Skin is so tough and long lasting that when scientists took fingerprints from a 2000 year old Egyptian Mummy, they found perfect ridges….. About a pint of water is lost through the skin each day….

  10. Skin Care • Good personal hygiene and a balanced diet promote healthy skin. • Washing your face with soap and water every morning help with the removal of oils that accumulate over night. • Daily baths help eliminate bacteria that cause body odor in hair and on skin • Vitamin A helps promote healthy skin and can be found in milk, egg yolks, liver, green leafy and yellow vegetables as well as yellow fruits.

  11. Problems of the Skin • Ringworm – Fungal Infection • Athletes Foot – Same fungus that causes ringworm. HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS!!!! • Boils – Could be infected hair follicle or Staph. BE CAREFUL and CLEAN DAILY!! • Warts – Viral Infection • Moles – Brown in color found on a majority of the human population, but BE CAREFUL if it changes color!!!!

  12. Problems of the Skin CONT…. • Psoriasis – skin disease that needs to be treated by a physician • Vitiligo - patches of skin loses its color and are extremely sensitive to sunlight. No Cure for this!!!! • Impetigo – A Streptococcal Infection when bacteria enter through a small opening in the skin. HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS!!!!! • Callus – Thick skin from daily use • Corn – A Callus on the toe caused by pressure of a tight fitting shoe.

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