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Single Displacement Reactions

Single Displacement Reactions. Single Displacement Reactions. An element takes the place of another element that is in a compound Could be a metal replacing a metal or a non-metal replacing a non-metal General formulas: A + BC  AC + B (A and B are metals)

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Single Displacement Reactions

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  1. Single Displacement Reactions

  2. Single Displacement Reactions • An element takes the place of another element that is in a compound • Could be a metal replacing a metal or a non-metal replacing a non-metal • General formulas: • A + BC  AC + B (A and B are metals) • A + BC  BA + C (A and C are nonmetals)‏ • +  +

  3. Example 1 (metals) • Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3)2(aq) + Ag(s) • This reaction does not go in reverse! Why can’t Ag replace Cu? It is because of the reactivity of the metals. • The “Activity Series” is a list of elements that is organized according to their chemical reactivity.

  4. Activity Series for Metals • Lithium • Potassium • Calcium • Sodium • Magnesium • Aluminium • Zinc • Chromium • Iron • Nickel • Tin • Lead • Hydrogen • Copper • Mercury • Silver • Platinum • Gold Most reactive Least reactive

  5. Example 2 (metals) • Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs Al(s) + NiBr3(aq) __________ • Write the balanced chemical equation

  6. Hydrogen??? • Notice that hydrogen is on the activity series and it is not a metal! • Hydrogen may be displaced from most acids by all metals above it • Hydrogen may only be displaced from water (at room temp.) by those above magnesium

  7. Example 3 (hydrogen) • Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs Ag(s) + HBr(aq) __________ • Write the balanced chemical equation, if reaction occurs

  8. Example 4 (hydrogen) • Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs K(s) + H2O(l) __________ • Write the balanced chemical equation, if reaction occurs

  9. Example 5 (nonmetals) • Non-metals are negatively charged, so it can be replaced with only another non-metal. • F2(g) + 2NaI(s)  I2 (s) + 2NaF (s) • There is a separate activity series for halogens

  10. Activity Series for Nonmetals • fluorine • chlorine • bromine • iodine Most reactive Least reactive

  11. Example 6 (nonmetals) • Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs Br2(g) + NaCl(aq) __________ • Write the balanced chemical equation, if it does occur

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