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Air Quality and Transport S tudy of the Los Angeles Basin

Air Quality and Transport S tudy of the Los Angeles Basin. Bo Tan M.S Student Department of Atmospheric sciences University of Nevada Reno – Desert Research Institute. Tons per day (2010). 1987. CO NO x SO x Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) Total Organic gas PM2.5. 486.6 96.7 15.9

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Air Quality and Transport S tudy of the Los Angeles Basin

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  1. Air Quality and Transport Study ofthe Los Angeles Basin Bo Tan M.S Student Department of Atmospheric sciences University of Nevada Reno – Desert Research Institute

  2. Tons per day (2010) 1987 • CO • NOx • SOx • Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) • Total Organic gas • PM2.5 • 486.6 • 96.7 • 15.9 • 102.7 • 218.1 • 26.3 • 9796 • 889.5 • 113.5 • 2429 http://www.arb.ca.gov/app/emsinv/fcemssumcat_query.php

  3. Air Quality • City Smog • Industrial Emission (point source) • VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds • SOx : Sulfur oxides • [Na2CO3(s)]: soda ash • Exhaust Emission (mobile source) • CO: Carbon Monoxide • [NO2(g)]: Nitrogen oxides • [O3(g)]: Ozone

  4. VOC production

  5. Size Distribution • Number of particles in Red • Area of particles in dashed lines • Volume of particles in dotted lines • Claremont, California, August 1987

  6. PM2.5

  7. Health Impact with PM2.5 • Sensitive Areas • Near freeway / high traffic area • Airport / harbor • Downwind from industry • Sensitive Groups • Asthma / other lung diseases • Children / Older adults • Chronicle outdoor workers

  8. Don’t live near freeways!!

  9. 2007 Statistics • 6.5k premature death • 1.3million school absence days • 2.8million working days • 1.7 million asthma patients • 9000 hospitalized related to respiratory illness

  10. Los Angeles Air Quality Index

  11. 2002 AQI

  12. Current LA Emissions vs. World EmissionsSOx 2002 • Data is in (ug/m^3), 150 ug/m^3 per column • In many countries, the Sulfur content is highly restricted • fuel, and power production restrictuions • Many cities stopped monitoring sulfur concentration • Bottom city Guiyang, China • Top City Nice, France

  13. Current LA Emissions vs. World EmissionsNOx • 60 ug/m3 pre column • Bottom city Kiev Ukraine • Top city Porto, Portugal

  14. Current LA Emissions vs. World EmissionsO3 • 200(ug/M^3) pre column • L.A O3 concentration • Riverside O3 concentration

  15. Current Monitors • EPA • CO • NOx • SOx • O3 • PM2.5 • PM10 • Lead • Facility monitoring www.epa.gov/air/data/geosel.html • AQMD • Collaboration from multi-agencies • Local • National • forecast maps • current conditions www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.fcsummary

  16. Geography

  17. L.A Ozone trend

  18. Azusa Ozone trend

  19. Upland Ozone trend

  20. sixteen year projectionwith national standard

  21. L.A Geography

  22. Local Meteorology • Initial stage • Initial Mixing • Development • Stabilization

  23. Initial Stage • Stratified Atmosphere • Diminishing Land breeze • Start Valley breeze LAX ONT WHIT 8AM Time ANAH

  24. Initial Mixing • After morning traffic • Initial sea breeze LAX ONT WHIT 12PM ANAH

  25. Development • Marine Layer propagation • Max temperature contrast LAX ONT WHIT 3PM Time ANAH

  26. Stabilization • Marine Layer propagation • Return Flow LAX ONT WHIT 5PM Time ANAH

  27. Effects • Wind Speed • Soil Moisture • Temperatures

  28. Soil Moisture NGEs: Normalized gross errors, NG: normalized biases,

  29. Soil Moisture • Low Soil Moisture • Destabilize BL • Increase Mixing • Decrease Pollutants Concentration • High Soil Moisture • Stabilize BL • Decrease Mixing • Increase Pollutants Concentration

  30. Soil Effect Base Simulation 15% Soil Moisture 23% Soil Moisture

  31. O3 Concentration

  32. Geography Hawthorne

  33. Tons per day (2010) 1987 • CO • NOx • SOx • Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) • Total Organic gas • PM2.5 • 486.6 • 96.7 • 15.9 • 102.7 • 218.1 • 26.3 • 9796 • 889.5 • 113.5 • 2429 http://www.arb.ca.gov/app/emsinv/fcemssumcat_query.php

  34. Transport

  35. Transport

  36. Increasing secondary pollutants

  37. Weekend Effect

  38. Summary • L.A air quality • Chemistry • Health effect • Historical trend • Compare to the world • Future projection • L.A meteorology • Dinural evolution • Effects of primary and secondary pollutants • “ The Weekend Effect”

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