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The Land cover of Africa for the year 2000

This land cover map of Africa for the year 2000 provides an overview of the continent's diverse ecosystems, from dry deserts to tropical rainforests. Collaboratively developed using various techniques and data sources, the map highlights savannahs and forests. Ongoing improvements aim to enhance accuracy and eliminate low values in NDVI profiles. This map is a valuable tool for understanding and monitoring Africa's land cover.

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The Land cover of Africa for the year 2000

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  1. The Land cover of Africa for the year 2000 P. Mayaux, E. Bartholomé, M. Massart, C. Van Cutsem, A. Cabral, Nonguierma, O. Diallo, C. Pretorius, M. Thompson, M. Cherlet, J-F. Pekel, P. Defourny, M. Vasconcelos, A. Di Gregorio, S.Fritz, G. De Grandi , C.Elvidge, P.Vogt, A. Belward

  2. The overall context • 30,000,000 km2 • From dry deserts to tropical rain forests • Evergreen (forests, deserts) and seasonal (savannahs, grasslands) ecosystems • Isolated continent Þ no overlap with other windows • 1 continental window (baseline map) + regional windows (improvements)

  3. Characteristics of the product • Collaboration between many institutions: FAO, Instituto Investigação Cientifica Tropical (Lisbon), Université Catholique de Louvain (Louvain-la-Neuve), Agrhymet (Niamey), CSIR (Pretoria)… • Various techniques: statistical averaging and clustering (Louvain-la-Neuve), composition on albedo and tree classifiers (Lisbon), clean NDVI & NDWI profiles and clustering (CCR) • Data used: SPOT VEGETATION, ERS & JERS SAR (flooded forests), DMSP (cities) • Legend has put the accent on the savanna and the forests • The current product is still in improvement

  4. Cleaning up of the NDVI profiles • Elimination of low values • Interpolation over long periods

  5. Monthly max NDVI and min NDWI August – April - January

  6. Maroc • Urge agricultural areas • Urban settlements • Meditteranean vegetation • Inversed vegetation cycle

  7. Irrigation in the Lybia desert • Urge irrigation areas • Urban settlements • Desert • Salt hardpans

  8. Nile Delta • Urge cities (Cairo, Alexandria) • Free water and swamp grasslands, and irrigated agriculture • Desert

  9. Senegal • Urge agricultural areas (“Bassin Arachidier” • Mangroves (Saloum, Casamance) • Urban settlements • From sparse grasslands to woodlands • Remnants of tropical forests (Basse Casamance)

  10. Chad Lake • Chad lake • Free water and swamp grasslands (“prairie flottante) • Agriculture • From desert to closed shrublands

  11. Internal delta of Nile • Urge areas of swamp grasslands, water • From shrublands to dense woodlands

  12. Malawi • Agriculture • Miombo woodlands • Large lake

  13. South D.R. Congo • Wet miombo woodlands • Swamp grasslands • Shrublands and grasslands • Woodlands mixed with agriculture

  14. Wet miombo woodlands

  15. Delta of the Okavango • Swamp grasslands and shrublands • From grasslands to woodlands • Salt hardpans

  16. Cape Town • Intensive agriculture (wheat, vineyards) • Vegetation related to topography • Large urban settlements • High botanical biodiversity

  17. Forest blocks in Ghana • Volta Lake • Lagoons • Urban settlements • Forest reserves • Forest / croplands / savanna mosaic

  18. Central “Cuvette” of Congo River • Swamp forests • Swamp grasslands (“prairie flottante) • Agriculture mixed with fallows and forest • Enclosed savannas

  19. Congo Basin forests • Agriculture mixed with fallows and forest along the former “paysannats” • Penetration by the logging tracks

  20. Niger delta • Mangroves • Lowland and montane forests • Urban settlements • Forest / croplands / savanna mosaic • Woodlands mixed with agriculture

  21. Montane forests • Kilimanjaro, Mehru… • Montane forests • Closed grasslands • Agriculture

  22. Madagascar • Montane and lowland rain forests • Dry deciduous forests • Secondary forests & rural complex • Mangroves • Grasslands and shrublands • Thicket

  23. IGBP DIS-Cover University of Maryland GLC 2000 VGT colour composite Global land-cover maps

  24. The locust window FAO / JRC

  25. Qualitative validation

  26. Agricultural areas

  27. Limitations • Confusion in the agricultural areas (mixed with natural vegetation) • Seasonal cycle of the vegetation could be more exploited (number and period of vegetation cycles) • Local legends do not fit with the continental one Necessity of regional products

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