1 / 13

RUSSIA: FROM FLEDGLING PRINCIPALITY TO MAJOR POWER

RUSSIA: FROM FLEDGLING PRINCIPALITY TO MAJOR POWER. WHAT IS RUSSIA? European/Western -> ? Asiatic/Eastern -> ? Both/Something special and unique -> ?. WHY WAS RUSSIA DIFFERENT?. Geography Religion – Eastern Orthodox Christianity Autocracy – one man rule at the top Small powerful nobles

Download Presentation

RUSSIA: FROM FLEDGLING PRINCIPALITY TO MAJOR POWER

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. RUSSIA: FROM FLEDGLING PRINCIPALITY TO MAJOR POWER • WHAT IS RUSSIA? • European/Western -> ? • Asiatic/Eastern -> ? • Both/Something special and unique -> ?

  2. WHY WAS RUSSIA DIFFERENT? • Geography • Religion – Eastern Orthodox Christianity • Autocracy – one man rule at the top • Small powerful nobles • Serfdom – harsh and enduring • No middle class • No/slow economic development

  3. RUSSIA – FROM MONGOL INVASION TO IVAN THE TERRIBLE • Invaded and occupied by the Mongols -> 13th through 15th centuries = “the Tartar Yoke” • The Principality of Moscow • The Grand Duke of Moscow • IVAN IV, THE TERRIBLE • First to take the title Tsar/Czar • Expands Russia to the East • Wife dies -> goes crazy -> slaughters the Boyars (old Russian nobility) • Creates a new “service nobility”

  4. Ivan the Terrible – after bashing his son’s head in!

  5. RUSSIA – “THE TIME OF TROUBLES” • Period of aristocratic/noble resurgence and anarchy after Ivan’s death

  6. THE HOUSE OF ROMANOV • Michael Romanov becomes Tsar in 1613 • Romanov’s establish a dynasty in Russia last from 1613 until World War I and the Soviet Revolution in 1917

  7. THE REIGN OF PETER THE GREAT 1689-1725 • Tsar Peter Romanov = Peter the Great • Westernize/Europeanize backward Russia • Emphasis on technical development to strengthen Russia militarily • Reorganizes the army/creates a navy • Forces the nobles to serve in either military or government positions • Adopts mercantilist policies -> but mostly just squeezes taxes out of poor peasants • Establishes govt control over Russian Orthodox Church • Introduces/forces Western customs, manners, and style -> cutting off noble’s beards and long coats

  8. RUSSIA: OPENING A WINDOW TO THE WEST • Peter wanted an ice-free warm water port to give access to Europe • THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR 1701-1721 -> Peter defeats Sweden • Sweden becomes second rate power/Russia becomes big dog in the Baltic region • Peter builds new capital/window to the West – St. Petersburg

  9. ST. PETERSBURG = PETER THE GREAT’S WINDOW ON THE WEST

  10. THE GROWTH OF MONARCHY IN SWEDEN • King Gustavus Adolphus 1611-1632 -> killed in the Thirty Years’ War • King Charles XI – builds Swedish monarchy along absolutist lines • King Charles XII -> loses war to Russia and Sweden becomes second rate

  11. THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE • Conquer Constantinople in 1453 • Attempt to conquer all of the Balkans • Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent 1520-1566 = the greatest of the Ottoman rulers • Conquer Yugoslavia in 1521/Hungary in 1526/attack Vienna in 1529 but fail • Major naval defeat – the Battle of Lepanto 1571 = limits Turkish naval power in Medit. • JANISSARIES – christian boys taken from parents -> converted to Islam -> trained from childhood to be the elite personal soldiers of the Sultan

  12. THE LIMITS OF ABSOLUTISM • Absolute monarchs were not able to establish absolute power • Local power was still mostly in the hands of the nobles • Landowning aristocracy was immensely powerful -> they limited what monarchs could do

More Related