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By SUM THY, Team Leader, Awareness Raising

2 nd National Workshop on Capacity Development for the Clean Development Mechanism Introduction to the Clean Development Mechanism 4 November 2003, MiCasa Hotel, Phnom Penh. By SUM THY, Team Leader, Awareness Raising. Content. CDM basic concepts CDM basic rules and how does it work?

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By SUM THY, Team Leader, Awareness Raising

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  1. 2nd National Workshop on Capacity Development for the Clean Development MechanismIntroduction to the Clean Development Mechanism4 November 2003, MiCasa Hotel, Phnom Penh By SUM THY, Team Leader, Awareness Raising

  2. Content • CDM basic concepts • CDM basic rules and how does it work? • CDM project cycle • Government CDM involvement • Benefits of CDM - what can Cambodia expect? • Summary

  3. 1. CDM basic concepts (1) • The Kyoto Protocol adopted in1997 has committed developed countries to legally meet greenhouse gase (GHGs) reduction targets • These countries have to reduce their GHG emissions on an average of 5.2% below their 1990 emission levels in the first commitment period 2008-2012. • Six main greenhouse gases are targeted: Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Hydrofluorocarbons (CFCs), Perfluorocarbons, and Sulphur hexafluoride.

  4. 1. CDM basic concepts (2) • Developed countries can choose to reduce emissions • ‘At home’ in their own country, or • In other countries • Reducing emissions in developing countries is eligible – known as CDM. • CDM has two objectives: • Assist developing countries in achieving sustainable development • Assist developed countries in achieving Kyoto Protocol compliance.

  5. 2. CDM Basic rules and how does it work? (1) • All parties must meet 3 basic requirements to participate in CDM: • Voluntary participation • Establishment of Designated National Authority (DNA) • Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol • CDM projects must: • Be approved by the host country • Lead to sustainable development in host country • Rresult in real, measurable and long-term benefits in terms of climate change • CDM projects cannot: • Divert Official Development Assistance (ODA) • Be nuclear power.

  6. 2. CDM basic rules and how does it work? (2) • Investment in projects that reduce or avoid or sequester greenhouse gas emissions, such as: • Renewable energy (hydro, wind, solar, biomass) • Energy efficiency (end use and production) • Fuel switching (bio-diesel, gas) • Cogeneration (combined heat and power) • Industrial processes (CO2 from cement production) • Forestry (Afforestation and reforestation for carbon sink) • Transport activities • Waste management

  7. 2. CDM basic rules and how does it work? (3) • Investment in GHG reduction project can generate Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), which are units of carbon that is reduced. • Developed countries use CERs to meet their legal target in 2008-2012, or trade them. • Many steps to create CERs - project cycle

  8. 3. CDM project cycle

  9. 5. Government CDM involvement • Ratify the Kyoto Protocol and establish the DNA • Define criteria for assessing + approving projects • Rules of CDM require government to assess against their national sustainable development objectives • Example: project contribution to development priorities, poverty reduction, environmental improvement, etc. • Government will assess the proposed CDM projects against the national sustainable development criteria • Define priority areas and activities for investors • Eg preferred technologies; eligible or in-eligible projects • Help facilitate CDM investment projects • Identify promising projects, promote these projects to potential international investors • Publish investment rules and procedures

  10. 6. Benefits of CDM - what can Cambodia expect? • Attract additional finance for projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lead to achieve sustainable development goals. • note: CDM will not cover all investment costs • Investment of companies and/or Governments in sustainable energy projects in Cambodia: • Opportunity to improve energy efficiency • Opportunity to develop renewable energy • Provide a tool of technology transfer

  11. 7. Summary • CDM may be an opportunity for Cambodia • Interest in less greenhouse intensive projects • Assist developing sustainable energy infrastructure • Worldwide increased demand for projects that reduce emissions • Win-win situation for both parties • Cambodia is preparing through UNEP/RISO funded project “CD4CDM” • Raising awareness of CDM - opportunities • Developing approval body (DNA) + approval process • Work with private industry to develop a ‘pipeline’ of projects • Links - www.cd4cdm.org; www.prototypecarbonfund.org; www.ecosecurities.com; www.enda.sn; www.teriin.org; www.natsource.com; www.unfccc.int

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