1 / 11

Estimating regulating reserves requirements as wind generation increases: A problem definition

Estimating regulating reserves requirements as wind generation increases: A problem definition. Paul Hines, Ph.D. University of Vermont. Motivation. Wind is variable Wind is intermittent Regulation is expensive How much regulation is needed as wind increases?.

lydiaw
Download Presentation

Estimating regulating reserves requirements as wind generation increases: A problem definition

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Estimating regulating reserves requirements as wind generation increases: A problem definition Paul Hines, Ph.D. University of Vermont

  2. Motivation • Wind is variable • Wind is intermittent • Regulation is expensive • How much regulation is needed as wind increases?

  3. Why do we need regulation? • Regulate frequency • Minimize deviationsfrom scheduled interchanges • ACE(t) = Gen. + Scheduled net imports – Load

  4. How much is needed? • NERC requires the following: • where L10 is a threshold, t is in seconds. • IE: 90% of 10 minute windows need to have small total ACE

  5. Problem definition • Find the minimum cost way to meet the NERC requirement Cost/Qty of regulation NERC rule Regulation limit Ramp-rate limit Generator dynamics

  6. Existing results • CA/KEMA (2010) study concludes that high-speed storage is needed to meet regulation needs. • SPP (CRA) (2010) study proposes: • finds that regulation requirements can be met with existing resources • CAISO (2010) agrees with SPP • Many academic papers assume that wind followsa Gaussian probability distribution

  7. Wind data • Compare solutions from “Gaussian wind” and real wind Real wind data, 31% CF, Std. Dev. ΔP = 21 MW Gaussian data, 31% CF, Std. Dev. ΔP = 21 MW

  8. Probability of 10 minute changes • Real wind data certainly deviates from the Gaussian. • Even if we use “3 sigma” we will underestimate the need for balancing resources.

  9. Reserves to Wind Ratio • Where does the the linear trend end?

  10. In the frequency domain Gaussian data Real wind data

  11. Research questions • Quantity of regulation vs. qty of wind? • Compare results for Normal and Real wind. • How well do heuristic methods perform? • How do regulation requirements change with high-speed storage in the mix? • Is the NERC requirement adequate or appropriate given increasing wind? • What happens when control areas are aggregated? • Do regulation requirements per MW wind decrease?

More Related