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Understanding the Respiratory System: Function and Organs Explained

Learn about the main functions and organs of the respiratory system, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Discover how this system supplies oxygen to the body and eliminates carbon dioxide, preventing cellular damage.

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Understanding the Respiratory System: Function and Organs Explained

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  1. The Respiratory System By: Sarah Veri

  2. Main Functions • Supply the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide • Oversee the gas exchanges that occur between the blood and the external environment • Body cells begin to die from oxygen starvation and accumulation of carbon dioxide if the system fails

  3. Respiratory System Organs • The nose • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi & their smaller branches • The lungs contain alveoli (terminal air sacs) • Gas exchanges with the blood happen only in the alveoli

  4. The Nose • During breathing, air enters the nose through the nostrils or nares • The interior of the nose consists of the nasal cavity, divided by a midline nasal septum • Olfactory receptors are located in the mucosa in the superior part of nasal cavity just beneath the ethmoid bone • Remaining mucosa rests on a thin-walled veins that warns the air as it passes by

  5. Pharynx • Is a muscular tube (about 5 in. long) also called the throat • Used as a passageway for air & food • Continuous with the nasal cavity

  6. Larynx • The voice box, routs air and food into the proper channels and plays a role in speech • Anything other than air entering the larynx causes a cough reflex to prevent the item from continuing the lungs • Mucous Membrane • Forms pair of folds called the vocal folds or true vocal cords, which vibrate and expelled air • The ability of the vocal cords vibration is to allow us to speak

  7. Trachea • After the larynx • Walls enforced with C-shaped hyaline cartilage • Open parts of rings allow esophagus to expand anteriorly when we swallow large pieces

  8. Main Bronchi • The more common site for an inhaled foreign object to become lodged • The smaller subdivisions of the main bronchi are direct routs the air sacks

  9. Lungs • Occupy the entire thoracic cavity except for the central area • The broad lung area resting on the diaphragm is the base • Each lung is divided into lobes by fissures • The left has two lobes and the right has three • The pleura membranes produce pleura fluid • The pleurae can slide easily from side to side across one another but they strongly resist pulling apart

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