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DEA Clandestine Laboratory Training Center

DEA Clandestine Laboratory Training Center. David M. Potchak. Penn State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option. Presentation Outline. Background Information Existing Mechanical Systems Redesign Objectives Alternate Methods Laboratory Heat Recovery

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DEA Clandestine Laboratory Training Center

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  1. DEA Clandestine Laboratory Training Center David M. Potchak Penn State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option

  2. Presentation Outline • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions

  3. Building Location Presentation Outline Building Location • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Project Site X Marine Corps Base - Quantico, VA DEA Training Academy Campus

  4. Architecture Presentation Outline Architecture One Story Plus Mechanical Mezzanine Strip-Effect of Clerestory Windows • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Slab-on-Grade with Masonry Facade Curved Roof Outline Forms Deep Canopies

  5. Building Use Presentation Outline Building Use Purpose:Prepare Trainees for Career Laboratory:Meth is Produced • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Multiple Functions: Contaminants Present in Exhaust: • Classrooms • Laboratory Spaces • Physical Training Areas • Raid Facility • Firearms Training Facility • Offices and Support Areas • Hydrochloric Gas • Phosphine Gas • Iodine Particulate • Vaporized Methamphetamine

  6. Heating System Presentation Outline Cooling System Two 1,500 MBH Natural Gas Boilers Two 105 Ton Air-Cooled Scroll Chillers • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Chilled Water: Heating Hot Water: • Cooling Coils in Air Handling Units • No Dehumidification Equipment • Heating Coils in Air Handling Units • Cabinet Unit Heaters • Finned-Tube Radiators • VAV Box Reheat Coils DX Units in Electric/LAN Rooms: • Refrigerant (R407C) Extracts Heat • Remote Condensers Ultrasonic Humidifiers

  7. Air Handling Presentation Outline Air Handling Units AHU’s 1 & 3: • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions • Variable Frequency Drive • Economizer Mode • Total: 20,300 cfm 3,590 cfm OA AHU 2: • Variable Frequency Drive • 100% OA Unit: 8,040 cfm AHU’s 4 & 5: • Constant Volume • Total: 2,650 cfm 1,220 cfm OA Five AHU’s in Mechanical Mezzanine

  8. Redesign Objectives Presentation Outline Redesign Objectives Recover Wasted Energy from Labs, Classrooms, and Offices • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Classroom and Office Energy Recovery: Lab Heat Recovery: • Maintain Economizer Mode Capability • Recover Latent Energy if Possible • Minimize System Reconfiguration • Prevent Cross-Contamination of Supply Airstream • Recover Latent Energy if Possible • Minimize System Reconfiguration

  9. Alternate Methods Presentation Outline Alternate Methods Using Chilled Water to Preheat Outdoor Air Lab Heat Recovery Options: • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Benefits: • Lessened Chiller and Boiler Loads • Will Prevent Cross-Contamination • Minimal System Reconfiguration Why Not? • Limited Availability • Preheat Constrained by Chilled Water Temperature ChooseHeat Pipe

  10. Heat Pipe Presentation Outline Heat Pipe What is a Heat Pipe? Horizontal Configuration • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Working Fluid Flows Through Wick or Capillary Structure Cycles via Pressure Differential Cooling and Heating Savings from One Configuration Cold Air Hot Air Upright Heat Pipe:Relies onBuoyancy ChooseHorizontal Configuration

  11. Heat Pipe Selection Presentation Outline Heat Pipe Model Analysis: Heat Pipe Technology, Inc.:Model HRM-6r • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions • Continuous Operation Throughout Year • Hourly Weather Data from TMY2 File • Assume Constant, Time-Weighted Flow of 3,560 cfm • Use Constant Effectiveness = 0.56 • Use Average Utility Rates • Capable of Horizontal Configuration • Sized for Max Flow of 8,040 cfm • Fins-coat, Epoxy-Like Coating • Bypass Damper Included

  12. Analysis Results Presentation Outline Analysis Results Cooling Savings:17,800,000 Btu/yr Electrical Input Savings: • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions -3,900 kWh/yr Heating Savings:166,600,000 Btu/yr Natural Gas Input Savings: Equipment Input Savings: 204,400,000 Btu/yr Chiller Savings:1,980 kWh/yr Electrical Cost Savings: Boiler Savings:204,400,000 Btu/yr -$319 per year Natural Gas Cost Savings: Additional Fan Energy: $2,819 per year Fan Energy:5,900 kWh/yr Total Annual Savings:$2,500

  13. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Presentation Outline Life Cycle Cost Analysis Present Value of Savings: • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions • 20 Year Period • 5% Fixed Interest Rate • Assume no Inflation or Maintenance Costs • PV = $49,990 Total Present Value:$48,870 Initial Cost of Heat Pipe: • Assume Installation is Included • $1,120

  14. Enthalpy Wheel Selection Presentation Outline Enthalpy Wheel Model Analysis: • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions AIRotor by Xetex, Inc.:Model AHR 1600 • Operates 12 Hours per Day, 5 Days per Week • Hourly Weather Data from TMY2 File • Assume Constant Flow of 3,590 cfm • Use Constant Effectiveness = 0.77 • Use Average Utility Rates • Wheel Stops in Economizer Mode • Sized for Total Min OA Flow of AHU’s 1 & 3 • Bypass Damper Included

  15. Analysis Results Presentation Outline Life Cycle Cost Analysis Savings: Present Value of Savings:$51,300 • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Chiller: $980 Boiler:$1,690 Humidifier:$1,520 Initial Cost:$14,400 Total Present Value:$36,900 Added Cost: Fan: $300 Motor:$1,330 Total Annual Savings:$2,560

  16. Electrical Breadth Presentation Outline Electrical Breadth Integrating Enthalpy Wheel into Panel Board Except from 240.4D: Overcurrent protection shall not exceed 20A for #12 AWG (NEC 2005, Table 430.52) Percent of Full-Load Current = 200% MOPD = (11A)*(200%) = 22.0 A 22A > 20A →must use #10 AWG • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Motor: 7.5 hp, 3Φ, 460V → 11 FLA Sizing Branch Circuit: MCA = (11A)*(1.25) = 13.75 A (NEC 2005, Table 310.16) THWN, 75°C, copper wire →#12 AWG

  17. Electrical Breadth Presentation Outline Electrical Breadth Circuit Breaker: Must be Smaller than MOPD → 20A (NEC 2005, Table C-1): 1½” conduit (electric metallic tubing) Final Sizing: (4) #10 AWG Wires in 1½” conduit 20A Breaker • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions

  18. Life Cycle Cost Revisited Presentation Outline Thoughts • Overall, Good Redesign • Prevented Cross-Contamination • Maintained Economizer Mode Capability • Consider Run-Around Loop for Labs? Total Annual Savings • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions $5,060 Total Present Worth $85,800

  19. Presentation Outline DEA Clandestine Laboratory Training Center • Background Information • Existing Mechanical Systems • Redesign Objectives • Alternate Methods • Laboratory Heat Recovery • Classroom and Office Heat Recovery • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions Questions? David M. Potchak Penn State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option

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