Laboratory Safety Training

1. LaboratorySafety Training A. R. Smith Department of Chemistry What You Need To Know

2. Making The Pieces Fit CAS IARC HMIS OSHA EPA NTP NIOSH NFPA PEL CFR PPE MSDS ERP RTK CHP RoC ANSI

3. Regulatory Agencies & Standards U of Louisville

4. Key Compliance Issues UNC EHS Manual

5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Emergency Response Plan MSDSs Labels & Inventory Location of First Aid & Accident Reports Fire Extinguisher Training & Flammable Hazards Hazardous Waste Procedures Chemistry Stockroom Safety Contact Information Training Topics • Location of the Laboratory Safety Standard • Chemical Hygiene Plan • Engineering Controls • Health & Safety Hazards • Pre-Purchase Review of Products • Detection of Release or Presence of Hazardous Chemicals

6. 1 The Laboratory Safety Standard OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450

7. 1 OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (The Laboratory Safety Standard) 1910.1450(f)(3)(i) “The contents of this standard and its appendices which shall be made available to employees;”

8. 2 The Chemical Hygiene Plan

9. 2 1910.1450(e) The Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) • Should be capable of protecting employees from health hazards associated with hazardous chemicals in the laboratory • Should be readily available to employees

10. 2 Standard Operating Procedures SOPs 1910.1450(e)(3)(i) “Standard operating procedures relevant to safety and health considerations to be followed when laboratory work involves the use of hazardous chemicals”

11. 2 Standard Operating Procedures SOPs 1910.1450(e)(3)(i) GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING SOP's Three methods that can be used to write SOP's: • By Process: (distillation, synthesis, chromatography, etc.) • By Individual Hazardous Chemical: (arsenic, benzene, hydrochloric acid, etc.) • By Hazardous Chemical Class: (flammable, corrosive, oxidizer, etc.) Michigan State University SOP

12. 3 Engineering Controls Hoods, Showers & Eyewashes

13. 3 1910.1450(e)(3)(iii) Fume Hoods “A requirement that fume hoods and other protective equipment are functioning properly and specific measures that shall be taken to ensure proper and adequate performance of such equipment;”

14. 3 1910.1450(e)(3)(iii) Fume Hoods • Each employee should be completely familiar with the proper use and operation of the fume hood in their lab • Information on this subject may be located in the ACS Publication provided in the departmental CHP. • Additional information may be found online at the links provided in section 3 of the “Detailed Information”

15. 3 1910.1450(e)(3)(iii) Fume Hoods • Fume Hoods should be tested for flow rate at least annually • Arrangements should be made as soon as possible to have the hoods in your lab tested • The test results should be posted in a conspicuous place on the hood

16. 3 29 CFR 1910.1450 Appendix A, D. Showers & Eyewashes “Maintenance. Eye wash fountains should be inspected at intervals of not less than 3 months (6). Respirators for routine use should be inspected periodically by the laboratory supervisor (169). Other safety equipment should be inspected regularly. (e.g., every 3-6 months) (6, 24, 171).” “The routine inspections of showers mentioned in Appendix A of Section 1910.1450 is not a mandatory requirement for which OSHA would normally issue a citation.”

17. 3 ANSI Z358.1 Showers & Eyewashes However… • Because shower testing is specifically mentioned in the University CHP, we are obligated to test them • Testing is also mandated by ANSI “Devices must also be inspected annually to assure compliance with ANSI Z358.1 maintenance and testing requirements.” ASU Safety Office

18. 4 Health & Safety Hazards

19. 4 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) Health & Safety Hazards “Provisions for additional employee protection for work with particularly hazardous substances. These include "select carcinogens," reproductive toxins and substances which have a high degree of acute toxicity. Specific consideration shall be given to the following provisions which shall be included where appropriate:”

20. 4 Health & Safety Hazards • 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii)(A) Establishment of a designated area; • 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii)(B) Use of containment devices such as fume hoods or glove boxes; • 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii)(C) Procedures for safe removal of contaminated waste; and • 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii)(D) Decontamination procedures.

21. 4 Health & Safety Hazards Carcinogens

22. 4 Carcinogens 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) H & S Hazards • IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs Programme on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans • NTP - National Toxicology Program 10th Report on Carcinogens (RoC) • ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists • OSHA – Regulated Carcinogens

23. 4 Carcinogens 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) H & S Hazards IARC Group 1: The agent (mixture) is carcinogenic to humans. Group 2A: The agent (mixture) is probably carcinogenic to humans. Group 2B: The agent (mixture) is possibly carcinogenic to humans. Group 3: The agent (mixture, or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to carcinogenicity in humans. Group 4: The agent (mixture, exposure circumstance) is probably not carcinogenic to humans.

24. 4 Carcinogens 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) H & S Hazards NTP 10th RoC • Group 1 "Known Carcinogen" (Sufficient information from human studies to indicate causal relationship) • Group 2 "Reasonably Anticipated" (Limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans; or sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals)

25. 4 Carcinogens 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) H & S Hazards ACGIH • A1 confirmed human carcinogen • A2 suspected human carcinogen • A3 animal carcinogen • A4 not classifiable as a human carcinogen • A5 not suspected as a human carcinogen

26. 4 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) H & S Hazards Select Carcinogens Select carcinogen means any substance which meets one of the following criteria: • It is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen • It is listed under the category, "known to be carcinogens," in the latest NTP RoC • It is listed under Group 1 ("carcinogenic to humans") by IARC • It is listed in either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or under the category, "reasonably anticipated to be carcinogens" by NTP

27. 4 1910.1450(d)(1) H & S HazardsInitial Monitoring “Initial monitoring. The employer shall measure the employee's exposure to any substance regulated by a standard which requires monitoring if there is reason to believe that exposure levels for that substance routinely exceed the action level (or in the absence of an action level, the PEL).” NOTE: NC PELs supersede the Federal ones

28. 4 H & S HazardsInitial Monitoring 1910.1003 - 1052 • The university has a list of 11 chemicals that require initial monitoring before use. • These are only a few of the chemicals that OSHA requires initial monitoring on. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory carcinogen list

29. 4 1910.1450(e)(3)(viii) H & S Hazards Other Other Materials are Considered by OSHA to be Physical Hazards “Physical hazard means a chemical for which there is scientifically valid evidence that it is a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive.”

30. 4 Health & Safety Hazards Time-Sensitive Chemicals

31. 4 H & S Hazards Time-Sensitive Chemicals • Peroxide formers • Peroxide formers that can undergo hazardous polymerization • Materials that become shock or friction sensitive upon the evaporation of a stabilizer • Materials that generate significant additional hazards by undergoing slow chemical reactions DOE

32. 4 H & S Hazards Time-Sensitive Chemicals Berkeley Peroxide Storage

33. 5 Pre-Purchase Review of Products

34. 5 Before Ordering… • Determine the least amount of material that will suffice, and order that amount - even if the initial cost is higher • Determine if a less hazardous material would could be substituted • Determine if a colleague already has the material in house, and will share

35. 6 Detection of Release or Presence of Hazardous Chemicals

36. 6 1910.1450(f)(4)(i)(A) “Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical (such as monitoring conducted by the employer, continuous monitoring devices, visual appearance or odor of hazardous chemicals when being released, etc.);”

37. 6 Spills 1910.1450(f)(4)(i)(A) • Considered “Major” or “Minor” by university • A “Major” spill, would be considered one that you could not contain by yourself • Keep a spill kit in the laboratory. The organic labs have chemical specific kits • There is more information at: Chemical Spills

38. 7 Personal Protective Equipment

39. 7 PPE 1910.1450(f)(4)(i)(C) “The measures employees can take to protect themselves from these hazards, including specific procedures the employer has implemented to protect employees from exposure to hazardous chemicals, such as appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective equipment to be used.”

40. 7 PPE 1910.1450(f)(4)(i)(C) • Goggle regulations for laboratories are included in the packet • Links to proper glove type basedon chemical class are included in the packet • The official position on respirators is: avoid using them by using engineering controls (hoods). If you require a dust mask or respirator, you MUST undergo training with the Industrial Hygienist.

41. 8 Emergency Response Plan

42. 8 Emergency Response Plan 29 CFR 1910.1450 Appendix A, D 9a. a) A written emergency plan should be established and communicated to all personnel; it should include procedures for ventilation failure (200), evacuation, medical care, reporting, and drills (172).

43. 8 Emergency Response Plan The University ERP • “The priorities for emergency response are life safety, property protection and preservation of academic programs.” • The university ERP deals with major disaster responses and the protocols for such • You should read and familiarize yourself with the details of this plan

44. 8 Emergency Response Plan The Departmental ERP “Faculty or staff of the A.R. Smith Department of Chemistry who observe any emergency or disaster in the classrooms, instructional laboratories, research laboratories, or chemical storeroom facilities operated by the department will immediately report this incident to University Police by dialing Ext. 8000 and giving details of the nature, location, and extent of the incident.”

45. 9 MSDSs Material Safety Data Sheets

46. 9 MSDSs OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910-1450 (h)(1)(ii) “Employers shall maintain any material safety data sheets that are received with incoming shipments of hazardous chemicals, and ensure that they are readily accessible to laboratory employees.”

47. 9 OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910-1450 (h)(1)(ii) MSDSs But, do I need an MSDS for every chemical? www.alan.net/prglol

48. 9 OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910-1450 (h)(1)(ii) MSDSs • Is the chemical a general household or office product? Yes____ No____ • Is the chemical being used for its intended purpose? Yes____ No____ • Is the chemical used in small quantities? Yes____ No____ • Is the chemical’s use incidental to your work (used infrequently and for short periods of time)? Yes____ No____ Appalachian Safety Office - MSDS

49. 9 OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910-1450 (h)(1)(ii) MSDSs Okay, but do I have to have a hard copy of each MSDS on hand?

50. 9 MSDSs OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910-1450 (h)(1)(ii) • Refer to the standard – “…ensure that they are readily accessible to laboratory employees.” • If you are going to maintain MSDSs electronically, you must guarantee that anyone working in your lab…