ATRS World Conferente Rio de Janeiro-July/2005 OPERATIONAL ANALYSES OF THE GUARULHOS AIRPORT APRON SERVICE ROAD SYSTEM

1. ATRS World ConferenteRio de Janeiro-July/2005OPERATIONAL ANALYSES OF THE GUARULHOS AIRPORT APRON SERVICE ROAD SYSTEM Hugo PietrantonioOswaldo Sansone Rodrigues Filho Nicolau Dionísio Fares Gualda Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of São Paulo/Brazil

2. Outline of the Presentation • Short introduction on the Guarulhos Airport today ... and the planned expansion on its current Master Plan • Description of the study and its results: • the data collection for the study of the apron roads • the concepts and results on vehicular parameters • the selection of level of service criteria and their use • the forecasting of trips for alternative lay-outs of the airport • the forecasting of traffic for alternative apron roads • the specific results gathered with the application • General conclusions and guidance on further reasearch

3. SA RS Current Airport Area TPS2 TPS4 TPS3 RG RC TPS1 BT2 RLE RLD BT1 BT3 BT4 LA OTC General Support TC R3P OSA Holding Areas The Guarulhos Airport ... • The international airport of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area (20 million inhabitants): 35 million pax/year, supplemented by Congonhas (domestic demand) and Viracopos/Campinas (general support, cargo demand)

4. Features of the Study • Due care with the apron service road system • No previous study on operational parameters for the specific vehicles and on analysis methods • Direct study from field data and first concepts: • CCTV cameras were used for data collection on the operation of the vehicles on the apron service roads • Daily Reports on the schedule of flights for data on trip demand (to be related to traffic flows ...) • Analyses based on peak hours of traffic flow

5. Determination of Vehicular Parameters – Links & Junctions • Specific vehicle types and operating rules ... • On road links: equivalent factors • Intrinsic: passage of each vehicle type (size, speed) • Extrinsic: queues following extra-slow vehicle following platoon (n=2) extra-slow vehicle • On junctions: critical gaps and following times • Conceptual details and formulas in the paper ...

6. Results on Vehicular Parameters intrinsic + extrinsic (queue following extra-slow vehicles, i.e. loaders) • Road links: • Junctions: conventional formulas can estimate shared lane capacity, queues ...

7. Level of Service Criteria and Target Values for Design • Directly observable measure (for validation) • Sensible criteria (as severe LoS requirements) • Used for selecting appropriate design options • Road links: practical capacity set at 50% and platoon after extra-slow vehicles up to 2v, mean • If not: turnouts, dual lane road, re-route ... • Junctions: practical capacity set at 50% and 10% chance of 2v or + waiting (20% terminals) • If not: double lanes, decompose, re-route ...

8. Options to be avoided: re-route demand or change lay-out, support/holding areas Turnouts: extra-slow vehicles can be overtaken on moving ... e.g. 18 s to overtake with 60 m Double lanes on the approach only Decomposing: waiting position make possible to carried-out the maneuver in stages ... Main Design Options • On road links: • On junctions:

9. Forecasting of Trip Generation based on Future Scenarios • Activities: • Flights/Aircrafts: Typical turnaround and needs, initially from Airport Planning Manuals but validated to peak-hour flow before forecasting

10. Forecasting of Traffic Flows and Design of the Apron Roads • Tasks: - from needs of flights to O/D trips important: support and holding areas local movements and trips - “loading” of trips in their routes results: flows on links and junctions best design option/section • Conventional, after getting the O/D trips • LoS criteria: best design option, or re-route ... • Again: carefull validation before forecasting

11. Results on the Apron Roads in Current and Future Scenarios ...

12. Conclusions and Further Research • Need of a Method for analysis and design of apron service road systems of Airports • Need of operational parameters for specific vehicle types and operating rules: results were validated ... • Need of procedure for forecasting trip generation and traffic flow: importance of designation of support and holding areas and of validation ... • Improvements: need and design of holding areas • Successfull application to the update of the Guarulhos Airport Master Plan ...

13. Other Vehicles Hmin,i Ci=1/Hmin,i Ei,0=Hmin,i/Hmin,0 1st Vehicle Standard Vehicle(0=up to pick-ups) Simple: opposed flow in one lane (one-way) Complex: opposed flow two lane and/or two-way Results on Vehicular Parameters intrinsic + extrinsic (queue following extra-slow vehicles, i.e. loaders) • Road links: • Junctions: conventional formulas can estimate shared lane capacity, queues ...

14. Intrinsic: own use of road Extrinsic, for extra-slow only, increase use of road by others Opposing flow Following time: others in queue Critical gap: for first in the queue Determination of Vehicular Parameters – Links & Junctions • Specific vehicle types and operating rules ... • On road links: equivalent factors • Intrinsic: passage of each vehicle type (size, speed) • Extrinsic: queues following extra-slow vehicle following platoon (n=2) extra-slow vehicle • On junctions: critical gaps and following times • Conceptual details and formulas in the paper ...