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ECE 333 Green Electric Energy

ECE 333 Green Electric Energy. Lecture 3 The Grid, Generation Technologies Professor Tim O’Connell Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Announcements. Website updates Detailed syllabus Supplemental notes HW1 is posted, Quiz 1 Thursday beginning of class

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ECE 333 Green Electric Energy

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  1. ECE 333 Green Electric Energy Lecture 3 The Grid, Generation Technologies Professor Tim O’Connell Department of Electrical andComputer Engineering

  2. Announcements • Website updates • Detailed syllabus • Supplemental notes • HW1 is posted, Quiz 1 Thursday beginning of class • My office hours today after class until 11 am • Room 368 • Note: Problem solving session Monday 3-4 pm with TA Kai Van Horn • Today: The Grid (1.4), Generation Technologies (1.5)

  3. Electricity Hourly Prices Yesterday

  4. Electricity Hourly Prices Today

  5. Explanation of High Prices

  6. North America Interconnections

  7. Baseload, Intermediate and Peaking Plants

  8. Example: Daily Variation for California

  9. Basic Steam Power Plant Rankine Cycle: Working fluid (water) changes between gas and liquid TH ≈ 600°C TC ≈ 30°C

  10. Modern Coal-Fired Steam Power Plant • Provide about 40% of U.S. electricity • Usually large units that operate well with fairly fixed loads • Run more or less continuously • In general, high capital costs, low operating costs • Responsible for a significant portion of CO2, sulfur oxide (SOx), mercury, nitrogen oxides (NOx) • Pollution controls have been in place since the 1960’s • 40% of the cost of a new plant • Use 5% of the generated electricity

  11. Modern Coal-Fired Steam Power Plant

  12. Basic Combustion Gas Turbine Brayton Cycle: Working fluid is always a gas • Most common fuel is natural gas

  13. Basic Combustion Gas Turbine • Typically smaller than steam plants • Can be run intermittently due to ease of adjustment • Low capital costs • Traditionally, high operating costs, but recent trends have been pushing natural gas costs down • Typical efficiency around 30%

  14. Gas Turbine Source: Masters

  15. Combined Cycle Power Plants Efficiencies of up to 60% can be achieved, with even highervalues when the steam is used for heating

  16. Combined Heat and Power Overall Thermal Efficiency = 33% (Electricity) + 53% (Heat) = 86%

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