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Electrical Charge

Electrical Charge . Measurements. The Electroscopes Pith ball Metal foil Large metal foil. Materials . Conductors Electrons move readily with a charge Insulators Electrons movement is greatly reduced Semi-Conductors Electron flow are controlled by

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Electrical Charge

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  1. Electrical Charge

  2. Measurements • The Electroscopes • Pith ball • Metal foil • Large metal foil

  3. Materials • Conductors • Electrons move readily with a charge • Insulators • Electrons movement is greatly reduced • Semi-Conductors • Electron flow are controlled by “holes” (p type) or “free” (n type) electrons

  4. Types of Charges • Name the four conditions of electrical charge • Neutral : the number of negative and positive charges are equal • Negative: the number of electrons exceed the number of protons • Positive Charge: the number of electrons is less than the number of protons • Ground: neutral condition because of the number of charges available. The Earth is a “ground” for all types of charge.

  5. Conduction of Charge

  6. Conduction • When negatively charged electroscope is touched by a hand ... Describe the exchange of charge. • Electrons are repelled by the same charge • The hand (ground) removes electrons by conduction. • As the hand is removed, the neutral charge is uniformly distributed • The hand and electroscope have same neutral charge (conduction)

  7. Charge by Conduction and Induction

  8. Charging by Conduction and Induction • When negatively charged balloon is brought near electroscope, Describe the change in charges. • Electrons are repelled by the same charge • The leaves repel each other with the same charge (conduction) • The hand (ground) removes electrons by conduction. • As the balloon is removed, the positive charge uniformly distributed • The balloon and electroscope have opposite charges after the induction

  9. #2 Charging Two Spheres

  10. Charging by Conduction and Induction #3 • Suppose a negatively charged balloon is brought close to one of the two identical insulated metal spheres. Describe the change in charge. • Electrons from the first sphere will be pushed onto the sphere farther from the balloon ......What charge will each sphere get? • the first sphere positively charged • the second sphere negatively charged • If the spheres are then separated, how does the charge change? • Both will receive an equal but opposite charge.

  11. Summary • There are four charged conditions: Negative, Positive, Neutral, and Ground • Conduction distributes the same charge to all objects. • Induction will leave an opposite charge. • Induction can charge objects through use of a ground.

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