The War of 1812: America vs. Great Britain (Again!)

1. The War of 1812 America v. Great Britain (Again!)

2. How I will know that you know: • Quiz on the War of 1812 on Friday (3/22) • Questioning throughout the lesson (Think-Pair-Share) • Doodle Notes- (Continued All Week) • See-Think-Wonder • 3-2-1 closeout

3. 3-2-1 3: List 3 Key Causes to the War of 1812 2: List 2 of the most important people involved in the War of 1812 1: List one reason Northerners opposed the war.

4. TN State Standards4.49 Explain the causes, course, and consequences of the War of 1812, including: •trade restrictions, impressment , war hawks , Tecumesh, Tippecanoe, William Henry Harrison, burning of Washington D.C. , Francis Scott Key, Dolly Madison, Battle of New Orleans

6. War OF Notice anything different about this flag? It has 15 stripes! Article about Star-Spangled Banner Flag Deconstructing the Flag video

8. 1812-1815

10. Between 1803-1815, Great Britain and her allies fought against the French Empire led by Napoleon and his allies. Neither nation respected the United States’ neutrality at sea. Napoleonic Wars in 8 Minutes French Revolution Crash Course (8:15 – end)

11. The U.S. wanted Great Britain and France to respect its rights as a neutral nation at sea. Embargo Act of 1807

12. The British forced American sailors to work in the British Navy. Impressment Video

13. I’ve heard Canada is just lovely and Florida is a perfect place to escape the cold winters! The U.S. wanted British Canada and Spanish Florida.

14. War Hawks wanted to go to war against Great Britain. John C. Calhoun Henry Clay

15. Americans blamed the British for aiding a Native American rebellion led by Shawnee brothers, Tecumseh and Prophet. You heard it here first! Tippecanoe hero, William Henry Harrison, will go on to become the 9th President! The U.S. suppressed the rebellion during the Battle of Tippecanoe led by General William Henry Harrison. Battle of Tippecanoe William Henry Harrison in 60 Seconds What Francis Scott Key Saw War of 1812 Crash Course

16. The British did not meet U.S. demands over neutrality rights so President Madison asked Congress to declare war on Great Britain. Federalists and Northern merchants opposed the war, but on June 18, 1812, the U.S. formally declared war and the War of 1812 began. Madison was re-elected President in 1812.

17. ISAAC BROCK: British commander of troops in Canada • THOMAS COCHRANE: British Admiral, commanded the Royal Navy • ROBERT ROSS: British general battle of Bladensburg in 1814 • KING GEORGE III: King of Great Britain • TECUMSEH: Shawnee Indian who created a confederation of Native American nations to stop American expansion, supported the British Death of Tecumseh Isaac Brock Video

18. JAMES MADISON: President of United States • ANDREW JACKSON: Major General for U.S. the during the war • THOMAS MACDONOUGH: won battle of Champlain (near Plattsburg) in 1814 • OLIVER HAZARD PERRY: U.S. naval officer, his fleet won Battle of Lake Erie. James Madison in 60 Seconds Andrew Jackson in 60 Seconds

19. 1812-Battle of Detroit Mail Call 1812 Battle of Ft. Detroit

20. 1812-USS Constitution vs. HMS Guerriere (U.S. victory) 5 Things You Don’t Know About the USS Constitution

21. British Blockade 1813- Battle of Frenchtown Battles Won by the British

22. 1813-Battle of York Battle of York

23. 1813-Battle of Lake Erie Battle of Lake Erie

24. 1813-Battle of the Thames Mail Call 1812 Part 2 Battle of the Thames

25. 1814- Battle of Horseshoe Bend Battle of Horseshoe Bend

26. 1814-Bladensberg & the burning of D.C. CBS Video – Burning of Washington D.C. The Burning of Washington D.C.

27. 1814- Battle of Lake Champlain Battle of Lake Champlain

28. 1814- Battle of Baltimore Battle of Ft. McHenry Through Francis Scott Key’s Eyes Battle of Baltimore Defense of Ft. McHenry

29. 1815-Battle of New Orleans 200th Anniversary of Battle of New Orleans Song: Battle of New Orleans Johnny Cash Version of Song

30. U.S. gained respect • Federalist party disappeared • U.S. accepted Canada as a neighbor and not a potential territory for expansion • Native Americans that sided with the British were forced to surrender large amounts of territory

31. More U.S. factories were built since the U.S. could not use European goods during the war (British blockade) • War heroes like Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison will become a new generation of political leaders • Strong feelings of American nationalism Era of Good Feelings (1815-1825) War of 1812 Crash Course

32. See-Think-Wonder

33. Article- The War of 1812 Source: KhanAcademy The seizure of American ships and sailors, combined with the British support of Indian resistance, led to strident calls in Congress for war against Great Britain. The loudest came from the “war hawks,” led by Henry Clay from Kentucky and John C. Calhoun from South Carolina, who proclaimed that they would not tolerate these British insults to American honor. Many Federalists opposed the war, since they believed it would disrupt the maritime trade on which many northeastern Americans depended. In a narrow vote, Congress authorized the president to declare war against Britain in June 1812. The US military strategy focused on seizing parts of Canada in the hopes of forcing British concessions on Indian issues and neutral shipping rights. However, the US army was small, disorganized, and poorly equipped. Despite these shortcomings, the Americans managed two significant victories over the British in battles on or near Lake Erie in the fall of 1813. In the Battle of the Thames, Tecumseh was killed and the American Indian resistance was crushed. The British would never again attempt to create an Indian buffer state between the United States and Canada. Meanwhile, events in Europe continued to influence the course of the war. With the abdication of Napoleon in April 1814, the British were able to devote more of their resources to the war with the United States. The end of the war in Europe, moreover, made some of US President James Madison’s demands, such as the return of neutral shipping rights and the immediate cessation of impressment, irrelevant. With the British no longer at war with France, these practices were abandoned before the end of the war with the United States. In the Battle of Bladensburg in August 1814, the British sacked and burned Washington, DC, plundering the White House and wounding US national pride. The British continued their march north but were unable to capture Baltimore in the Battle of Fort McHenry, during which Francis Scott Key penned the poem that would later become the US national anthem, the Star-Spangled Banner. ^2 2

34. Image #1 The British Burn Washnigton

35. Image #2

36. Anne Prevost Anne Prevost Anne was a daughter of General Sir George Prevost, Governor General of the British forces in Canada. At seventeen she was a faithful journal keeper, and she made almost daily entries during the time her father was prosecuting the war. In her entry of June 25, 1812 she provides insight into how a young British subject in Canada would react to news of the declaration of war: “I was summoned in the midst of my French lesson to hear some news that had arrived. It was indeed an important piece of intelligence:–'America has declared War against England.' The news had arrived by an Express to some of the Quebec merchants. ...On this day I saw nothing before me but my Father's honour and glory. Although I knew how small a force we had to defend the Canadas, such was my confidence in his talents and fortune, that I did not feel the slightest apprehension of any reverse. I thought those abominable Yankees deserved a good drubbing for having dared to think of going to War with England, and surely there was no harm in rejoicing that the War had happened during my Father's Administration, because I thought he was the person best calculated to inflict on the Yankees the punishment they deserved." Quote #1

37. Quote #2 John Norton The British and Canadian militia were aided at Queenston by the Mohawk chief John Norton. Norton was born in Scotland to a Scotswoman and a Cherokee Native who had joined the British army. While serving with the British in Canada, John Norton deserted, became a trader and eventually was drawn into the Six Nations of the Grand River Iroquois. The Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant employed Norton as an interpreter and eventually groomed him as his successor. His knowledge of both British and Native ways, his military background, and his natural charisma made him a powerful warrior. Norton, who had been well educated in Scotland as a child, wrote an account of his experiences in North America, including full reports of his participation as a Native leader in major battles of the War of 1812. Remembering the siege of Fort Erie, Norton writes: “As we began to move forward, we heard the firing commence at Snake Hill. Hastening forward, through the Darkness of the night & closeness of the Woods. We were within a half mile of Fort Erie, when we heard the cracking of musketry and the roar of cannon announce the attack upon it. We then ran forward as fast as the woods and darkness would permit, stumbling over logs and fallen trees. We met the troops retiring from the fort which they had gallantly entered. We saw none advancing. Our own number was nothing when compared to the host of foes which opposed us. After hesitating a little while, we retired. The enemy did not come out of his works, but continued firing round shot, grape shells and musketry. We left them there and followed our friends, enraged at their misfortune.”

38. What do you think was the most valuable thing in the White House that needed to be saved?

39. What is the most important effect of the War of 1812?

40. 3-2-1 In your journals, list the following: 3- Key people involved in the War of 1812 2-List two causes of the War of 1812 1- List one consequence of the War of 1812