Athletic Injuries ATC 222

2. Athletic InjuriesATC 222 Environmental Factors Chapter 10

3. Heat and Cold Exchange • Metabolism • Conduction • Convection • Radiation • Evaporation • humidity • decreased at 65% • stops at 75%

4. Cold Exposure • Types • Hypothermia • Frostbite • Contributing Factors • clothing • activity • wind • temperature • moisture

5. Frostbite • Types • Frostnip • Superficial • Deep • Signs and Symptoms • cold, white, waxy, hard, numb • Treatment

6. Hypothermia • Etiology • Signs and symptoms • Treatment

7. Heat Illness • 3 Types • Heat Cramps • Heat Exhaustion • Heat Stroke • Heat Cramps • etiology • signs and symptoms • treatment

8. Heat Exhaustion • Etiology • Signs and symptoms • pale, cool, clammy skin • profuse sweating • rapid, weak pulse • dizzy, weak, headache, nausea • normal core temperature • Treatment

9. Heat Stroke • Etiology • Signs and symptoms • unconscious? • no active sweating • hot, dry, red skin • rapid strong pulse • elevated core temperature (106 F) • dilated pupils • Treatment

10. Prevention • acclimatization • fluid replacement • before, during, and after activity • 45-55 F temperature • identify high risk athletes • weight charts • clothing • playing surface • wind, temperature, and humidity • heat index • sling psychrometer

12. Sport Drinks • 5-8% Carbohydrate solution • trace Na, K, Cl (.8g per 8 ounces)

13. Lightning Safety • National Severe Storms Service • Flash to Bang Method

14. The End