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CAPTAIN AMERICA. What is it ? . What is a comic ? . It’s the front page of a comic. It is a thin periodical which originated in 1933 And it gained popularity after the publication of Action Comics which included the debut of Superman
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Whatisit ? Whatis a comic? It’s the front page of a comic It is a thinperiodicalwhichoriginated in 1933 And itgainedpopularityafter the publication of Action Comics whichincluded the debut of Superman There was a boom of superheroesuntil the end of WW2 The 1950s saw a gradual decline, due especially to new censorship laws and the spread of television. The 1960s saw a superhero revival, and superheroes continue to be the dominant character archetype into the 21st century today.
Whatweretheyprinted on ? Theywereprinted on cheap woodpulppaperthat’swhytheywerereferred to as ‘the pulps ’ Whatwastheir size ? 7 inches( 17/18 cm ) wideby 10 inches( 25/26 cm) high
Whowas the cartoonist? HisnamewasJohn Romita Whowrote the story? HisnamewasStan Lee
It was first published in ……… by …………………….. by Jack Kirby and Stan Lee. 1941 Marvel s Comics Steve Rogers The hero ,whosenameis …………….. is a frailyoung man whobecame verystrongafterdrinking an experimental …………… during ……………………………. and hehelped the American government He wascreatedat the beginning to spread American propagandaamong the soldiers of WW2 serum World War II A shieldwhichcanbe a weapontoo
The Historical Background In 1954 Whenwasthis issue ( n°78) published ? Whathappened in the world atthat time ? This is the period of the --------------------------------- which opposed ----------------------- & -------------------- from ------- to -------- Cold War 1947 1991 the USA The USSR Whathappened in the USA ? This is the time of ---------------------------- ( alsoknown as the Red Scare or the Witch Hunt from 1950 to 1956 ) A commission led by senator Joseph Maccarthyaccused 1000s of Americans of being ------------------------ or -----------------------sympathizers and theybecame the subject of aggressive investigations. Maccarthysm Communists Communist
Hereis an example of U.S. anti-Communist literature of the 1950s, specifically addressing the entertainment industry
Analysingdetails in the foreground A commieis a derogatoryterm for Communist The readerisinvited to an excitingCommunisthunt The Hammer and sickle, part of Communistsymbolism Nikita Kroutchev His face reminds us that of ---------------- whogoverned the USSR from 1953 to 1964
The ----------------------------, again Hammer and Sickle This is ---------------, his real nameis Ivan Kronov and heis the results of Soviet experiments. He isextremelystrong. He’swearing a soldier’s (boots and belt)uniform and his mission is to kill CA Electro Hisnameis -------------------, CA’s right arm man ,he has no super powers but he’sveryclever. Bucky You will notice the difference of colours: the ugly green vs the niceshade of blue Green representsevil (USSR) whereas the colourbluesymbolizes justice and America
A wingedhelmetlikethat of Hermes(messenger of the Gods) The letterA stands for America Stars and stripes which are parts of the American Flag, called ------------------------------------------------ Hisshieldis made of an indestructible alloy. It canbe linked to the nuclear power of the US the Star Spangled Banner
Analysingdetails in the background The ugly and vicious faces of the communist hordes, disorganized .
The message a)In the lay out(disposition) & colours • There is a hierarchy in the lay out of the characters • The herois in the foregroundtogetherwithhis main enemy • His right arm man and hisotherenemy are in the middle ground • The soldiersare in the background. • thishierarchyaimsathelpingusdecipher the scene The use of brightcoloursaimsatstriking the attention like in an advertisement. The cartoonist used an ugly green for Electro ------- show heisevil whereasheused a niceshade of blue for CA - ------ show herepresents justice and the US . to to
b) In the character of CA Remember, CA used to becreated --------------- spreadpropaganda --------------- -------------- CA ismeant to bea model , an examplefor the American soldierduring WW2 and for the American population during the Cold War CA issupposed to be the embodiment of America’sstrengthagainstthe evil force of Communismsymbolized by the USSR. His body isverymuscular --------------------- show the US power --------------------- -------------------- He has supernaturalpowers and is invincible ----------------------- hecandefeathisenemies So as to In order to to So as to In order to to sothat
Let’sthink…. Qu’expriment SO AS TO, TO , IN ORDER TO et SO THAT ? La notion de BUT Par quoi sont-ils suivis ? TO / IN ORDER TO , SO AS TO + -------------- SO THAT + --------------------- BV Une proposition Existe-t-il une autre expression du but dans ce qui vient d’être vu ? Le verbeaimat + BV +ING For + Nom ou BVING ! En connaissez vous d’autres ?!!!!
Let’s practice !! • Quizzes : • http://www.usingenglish.com/handouts/printable.php?id=112 • http://www.anglaisfacile.com/exercices/exercice-anglais-2/exercice-anglais-9440.php • Complete : • a) The use of colours aims ------------------------strik--------------------the reader’s attention • b) The use of green was ----------------------showing the USSR was evil • c)Captain America was originally created -----------------------the soldiers could identify with a model soldier. • d) The Mac Carthy commission led aggressive investigations -------------------------get rid of the Communists at all the levels of the American society • e) The American government published anti communist literature ---------------- people to denounce Communists and -------------------------------drive them out
GOING FURTHER ….some links with the work • It canalsoremind us of the film Iron Man whichwasreleased in 2008 and where the American herofightswithotherenemies : the Talibans in Afghanistan. • Wham, a painting by Roy Lichtenstein (1963) one of the earliest pop art works of art It shows a plane firing a rocket at a an enemy plane whichexplodes in flames. The titleis an onomatopoeia.
Generallyspeaking , in time of crisis, the USA have alwaysliked to strengthen the feeling of national unity Hereis a March 1941 issue of CaptainAmericawherewecansee the hero , punching Hitler. It aims of course atdenouncing ----------- Nazism • Whenitwas the war in Viet Nam, The Green Berets(1968)wastryingto counter the anti-waratmosphere of the time. It startswith a 20 minute justification of thatwar…much anti-communism as well in this film….