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Smart Universal Sensor and Transducer Interface

Smart Universal Sensor and Transducer Interface. Prof. Sergey Y. Yurish, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC-Barcelona). SENSOR 2007, Nurnberg, Germany, 23 May 2007. Contents. Introduction Quasi-Digital Sensors and Integrated Frequency-to-Digital Converters

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Smart Universal Sensor and Transducer Interface

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  1. Smart Universal Sensor and Transducer Interface Prof. Sergey Y. Yurish, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC-Barcelona) SENSOR 2007, Nurnberg, Germany, 23 May 2007

  2. Contents • Introduction • Quasi-Digital Sensors and Integrated Frequency-to-Digital Converters • Universal Sensors and Transducers Interface (USTI) • Intelligent Features • Applications • Conclusions International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  3. Introduction • There is an evident outdistancing in the progress in frequency-time domain sensor technologies in comparison with the progress in new techniques for interface circuits and methods for data processing • Development of sensor electronics is still a complex task, which requires special know-how and experience in a multi-disciplinary fields • There are quasi-digital sensors and transducers with frequency, period, duty-cycle, pulse-width modulated (PWM) and pulse number outputwith high accuracy (0.01…0.003 %) and wide frequency range from several hundredth parts of Hz up to several tens MHz International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  4. Sensors (IFSA study 2006) International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  5. Quasi-Digital Sensors International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  6. Integrated FDCs • USP-30 one-chip specialized microprocessor (1980) • IC of ALU for time interval measurements (1989) • K512PS11 - frequency-to-digital converter (1990) • USIC - universal sensor interface chip (1996) • Single-chip (FPGA) interpolating time counter • ASIC of single channel frequency-to-digital converter (1999) • Frequency-to-digital converter from AutoTEC • Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) from Acam-messelectronic GmbH (Germany) • SSP1492 - Sensor Signal Processorfrom Sensor Platforms, Inc. (USA, 2006) International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  7. ICs Disadvantages • All ICs except TDCs are based on conventional methods of measurement, hence, quantization error is dependent on measurand frequency fx , many ofICs have redundant conversion time • They cannot be used with all existing modern frequency-time domain sensors due to low accuracy or/and narrow frequency ranges • They do not cover all frequency–time informative parameters of electric signals. International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  8. Modern FDC Requirements • Should have a programmable relative error • High accuracy • Non-redundant and minimum possible conversion time • Wide frequency range • Multifunctionality • Should be based on advanced conversion methods International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  9. Universal Sensor and Transducer Interface (USTI) • Low cost digital IC with programmable accuracy • 2 channels, 29 measuring modes for different frequency-time parameters, one generating mode (fosc/2 = 10 MHz) and direct conversion of resistance, capacitance resistive bridge parameters of different sensing elements • Based on four patented novel conversion methods for frequency (period), duty-cycle, frequency (period) ratio and phase shift International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  10. Features • Frequency range from 0.05 Hz up to 9 MHz without prescaling and 144 MHz with prescaling • Programmable accuracy (relative error) for frequency (period) conversion from 1 up to 0.0005 % • Relative quantization error is constant in all frequency range • Non-redundant conversion time from 5 s to 0.01 s. • Improved quartz-accurate calibration • RS-232/485, SPI and I2C interfaces International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  11. Conversion Time where fo is the reference frequency; N =1/x is the number proportional to the programmable relative error x; Tx=1/fx is the period of unknown frequency. International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  12. tconv, s b) a) x tconv, s x Modeling Results Modeling results for dependence of tconv =  (f0, ) at range of variables f0=625 kHz …20 MHz, x = 0.001…0.000005 (a), and x = 0.01…0.001 (b) International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  13. Relative Error vs. Conversion Time International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  14. USTI Evaluation Board International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  15. Evaluation Board Circuit Diagram International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  16. USTI I2C Interface International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  17. USTI SPI Interface International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  18. Intelligent (Smart) Features • Self-adaptation: a possibility (a flexibility to change accuracy for speed and opposite during each of measurement) • Self-identification: a possibility to keep in the USTI’s flash memory an IEEE 1451 Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) with the aim to simple sensor configuration in a system International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  19. TEDS Example International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  20. Digital, Point - to - Point TII TEDS Smart Transducer Network - Capable IEEE 1451.2 Interface Module Interface Digital Application (STIM) FDC Txdcr Processor Distributed (NCAP) Multidrop Bus Bus TEDS Transducer Bus IEEE 1451.3 Interface Module Interface Txdcr (TBIM) FDC Txdcr Network Wireless TEDS IEEE IEEE Wireless IEEE 1451.5 1451.0 Wireless Interface 1451.1 Transducer Common Txdcr FDC Common Functiona - Object lity & Model Frequency+ TEDS Digital TEDS Mixed - Mode IEEE 1451.4 Transducer Txdcr Any Network TII - Transducer Independent Interface Txdcr - Transducer IEEE 1451 Standard International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  21. Physical Representation of IEEE 1451.2 International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  22. Mix-Mode Interface for Frequency Sensors Class II multiwire interface International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  23. Applications • Frequency-time domain sensor including digital, multiparameters, multifunctional, smart sensors and systems • High-end, mid- and low-range ABS • Desktop and handheld multifunctional frequency counters • Multimeters for frequency-time parameters of signals • Tachometers and tachometric systems • DAQ systems (boards) for frequency-time parameters • Virtual instruments • Communication applications • Measuring systems for analytical chemistry, electronic noses and tongues, etc. International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  24. Conclusions • USTI will simplify significantly a digital sensors and smart sensor systems design process • Reduce development time, time to market and production price • In comparison with the direct microcontroller interfacing the USTI IC lets to eliminate many design problems • Manufacturers will receive a unique opportunity to produce low-cost IEEE 1451 compatible sensors with minimum possible hardware International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  25. Acknowledgment This work was supported by the International Frequency Sensor Association (IFSA), Sensors Web Portal, Inc. (Toronto, Canada) http://www.sensorsportal.com and EC Marie Curie Chair (EXC) grant in the frame of project MEXT-CT-2005-023991 SMARTSES. International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

  26. Questions ? International Frequency Sensor Association ● www.sensorsportal.com

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