A.P. European History The Transatlantic Economy and Colonial Rebellion

1. A.P. European History The Transatlantic Economy and Colonial Rebellion

2. The Transatlantic Economy and Colonial Rebellion Mercantile Empires 100 200 300 400 500 Slavery/ Africa 100 200 300 400 500 18th Century Wars 100 200 300 400 500 American Revolution 100 200 300 400 500 Terms/ Ideas 100 200 300 400 500

3. MAIN What was Guns, Germs, and Steel? Naval superiority and gunpowder. This is what allowed Europeans to dominate and influence over so much of the world for so long. SUBJECT:Mercantile Empires 500 400 300 200 100

4. What was the Treaty of Utrecht, which settled the War of the Spanish Succession? MAIN This is the Treaty that established the boundaries of Empire for the first half of the 18th Century. SUBJECT:Mercantile Empires 500 400 300 200 100

5. What was bullion in gold or silver? MAIN This was the measure of wealth according to mercantilism in the 18th Century. SUBJECT:Mercantile Empires 500 400 300 200 100

6. Who was Robert Clive and the British East India Company and Robert Dupleix of the Compagnie des Indies or the French East India Company? These were the two European leaders who struggled with their companies to control India in the Mid-Eighteenth Century. MAIN SUBJECT:Mercantile Empires 500 400 300 200 100

7. What were coffee, tea, and chocolate? MAIN What three products introduced from the tropics helped spur the need for more sugar in the diets of Europeans. SUBJECT:Mercantile Empires 500 400 300 200 100

8. What were states in central western Africa such as Senegambia, Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast, The Bight of Benin, and the Bight of Biafra? These were the major slave markets and sources for slaves in Africa in the 18th Century. MAIN 500 400 SUBJECT: Slavery/Africa 300 200 100

9. MAIN What was Brazil and the Caribbean islands? ( The U.S. Colonies import slaves in lower numbers to harvest tobacco, sugar and finally cotton.) These were the areas or countries where most slaves were imported to in the mid-18th Century. 500 400 SUBJECT: Slavery/Africa 300 200 100

10. MAIN What were Jamaica, South Carolina, and a successful slave revolt in Haiti led by Toussaint L’Overture? These were the areas in the New World or colonies where slave revolts occurred, and at least in one case a successful slave revolt. 500 400 SUBJECT: Slavery/Africa 300 200 100

11. What is Voodoo? MAIN This was the religion that was created in Haiti, which was a combination of ancient African beliefs and Catholicism. 500 400 SUBJECT: Slavery/Africa 300 200 100

12. MAIN What was the granting of rights by the French National Assembly to Saint Dominque, ( this started the Haitian Slave Revolt), British outlawing of the Slave trade ( Wilburforce in 1807)The Latin American Wars of Independence , Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 ( Freed the slaves in rebellious states), and the Brazilian Emancipation Proclamation of 1888? These are the events that ended slavery or at least began the end of slavery in the western world. 500 400 SUBJECT: Slavery/Africa 300 200 100

13. MAIN What was the War of Jenkins Ear? This was the war that began in 1739 between Spain and Britain as a result of trading privileges won by the British in the Treaty of Utrecht of asiento or providing slaves for Spainish colonies and allowing a trading ship at the Portobello Fair in present day Panama. 500 400 SUBJECT: 18th Century Wars 300 200 100

14. MAIN What was the War of the Austrian Succession 1740-1748? This was the War that began as a rebuke of the Pragmatic Sanction by Frederick the Great and eventually led to a global conflict in 1740. 500 400 SUBJECT: 18th Century Wars 300 200 100

15. MAIN What was the Convention of Westminster and the first Treaty of Versailles negotiated by Wenzel Anton Kaunitz? These were the two Treaties or alliances signed in 1756 that realigned the European balance of power, with France now allied with Austria, and Great Britain with Prussia. 500 400 SUBJECT: 18th Century Wars 300 200 100

16. What was the Seven Year’s War or the French and Indian War and Battle of the Plains of Abraham for Quebec? This was the War that secured the continent of North America for Great Britain and the battle that settled the conflict. MAIN 500 400 SUBJECT: 18th Century Wars 300 200 100

17. What was the Treaty of Paris and the Treaty of Hubertusburg ? MAIN These were the two treaties signed in 1763 one which ended the Prussian conflict with most of Europe after Russia ceased conflicts with Frederick the Great and the war between France and Great Britain. 500 400 SUBJECT: 18th Century Wars 300 200 100

18. Who was Lord North? MAIN He was the Prime Minster of Great Britain who was determined to make the colonies of Britain comply with English policy and was hated by most of the American colonists. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: American Revolution 200 100

19. What were the Intolerable Acts or the Coercive Acts? MAIN These were the laws that shut down the port of Boston, reorganized the government of Massachusetts, allowed troops to be quartered in private homes, as well as removing the trials of royal officials to England. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: American Revolution 200 100

20. What was the First Continental Congress? MAIN This was the group of American citizens or Committees of Correspondence who convened in Philadelphia in 1774 to convince Parliament to allow colonial self government. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: American Revolution 200 100

21. What was the Battle of Lexington and Concord and the Battle of Yorktown? MAIN These were the first and last battles of the American Revolution. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: American Revolution 200 100

22. What were the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act? MAIN These were the Acts that were instituted under the ministry of Lord Grenville and placed taxes in 1764 on smuggling a needed confectionary commodity and the next year a tax on newspapers and legal documents. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: American Revolution 200 100

23. What was the Battle of Plassey? MAIN This was the Battle that forced the French from India in 1757 and eventually leads to the British domination of India. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Terms / Ideas 200 100

24. What was The North Briton? MAIN This was the Newspaper published by John Wilkes which led to his arrest and eventual confrontation with George III and his contested election to Parliament in 1774. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Terms / Ideas 200 100

25. What was the Yorkshire Association Movement? MAIN This was the movement organized by Christopher Wyvil to protest the policies of Lord North the mismanagement of the War, and the corrupt system of parliamentary elections. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Terms / Ideas 200 100

26. What were the Articles of Confederation? MAIN This was the document that governed the U.S. prior to the adoption of the Constitution in 1788. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Terms / Ideas 200 100

27. Who were John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon and Cato’s Letters? MAIN These were two of the Commonwealthmen and what they wrote criticizing the government of Robert Walpole and parliamentary corruption. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Terms / Ideas 200 100