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Using Information Technology

Using Information Technology. Chapter 2 The Internet & the World Wide Web. The Internet & the World Wide Web Exploring Cyberspace. 2.1 Choosing Your Internet Access Device & Physical Connection: The Quest for Broadband 2.2 Choosing Your Internet Service Provider (ISP)

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Using Information Technology

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  1. Using Information Technology Chapter 2 The Internet & the World Wide Web

  2. The Internet & the World Wide WebExploring Cyberspace • 2.1 Choosing Your Internet Access Device & Physical Connection: The Quest for Broadband • 2.2 Choosing Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) • 2.3 Sending & Receiving E-Mail • 2.4 The World Wide Web • 2.5 The Online Gold Mine: More Internet Resources, Your Personal Cyberspace, E-Commerce, & the E-conomy

  3. 2.1 Choosing Your Internet Access Device & Physical Connection: The Quest for Broadband • Bandwidth - an expression of how much data can be sent through a communications channel in a given amount of time • Broadband - very high speed connection

  4. Transmission Directions • Download - to transmit data from a remote computer to a local computer • Upload - to transmit data from a local computer to a remote computer

  5. Telephone (Dial-Up) Modem: Low Speed but Inexpensive & Widely Available • Modem - device that sends and receives data over telephone lines to and from computers • Most modems today have a maximum speed of 56 Kbps.

  6. High-Speed Phone Lines: More Expensive but Available in Most Cities • ISDN - hardware and software that allows voice, video, and data to be communicated over traditional copper-wire telephone lines • DSL - also uses regular phone lines but much faster than ISDN • T1 - a traditional trunk line that carries 24 normal telephone circuits and has a transmission rate of 1.5 Mbps

  7. Cable Modem: Close Competitor to DSL Cable modem - connects a personal computer to a cable-TV system that offers an Internet connection Wireless Systems: Satellite & Other Through-the-Air Connections Satellite Radio waves between cellular towers Communications Media

  8. 2.2 Choosing Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) • ISP - a company that connects you through your communications line to its servers, or central computer, which connect you to the Internet via another company’s network access points

  9. 2.3 Sending & Receiving E-MailE-Mail Software & Carriers • Buy e-mail software • Get e-mail program as part of other computer software (such as browser) • Get e-mail software as part of your ISP package • Get free e-mail services

  10. E-Mail Addresses Jane_Doe@earthlink.net.uk • User name: Jane_Doe • Domain name: earthlink • Top-level domain: .net • Two-letter country extension: .uk

  11. Instant Messaging Instant messaging (IM) - allows any user on a given e-mail system to send a message and have it pop up instantly on the screen of anyone else logged onto that system Mailing Lists: E-Mail-Based Discussion Groups List-serves - e-mail mailing lists of people who regularly participate in discussion groups Communication Tools

  12. Netiquette: Appropriate Online Behavior • Consult FAQs Avoid flaming Don’t SHOUT! Emoticons

  13. Netiquette: Appropriate Online Behavior • Avoid sloppiness but avoid criticizing others’ sloppiness • Don’t send huge file attachments, unless requested • When replying, quote only the relevant portion!

  14. Spam: Unwanted Junk E-Mail • Delete without opening the message • Never reply to a spam message! • Enlist the help of your ISP or use spam filters • Fight back

  15. 2.4 The World Wide Web • Q: What makes the Web graphically inviting? • A: Multimedia • Q: What makes the Web easily navigable? • A: Hypertext HTML & resulting page

  16. The Web & How It Works • Website--the domain on the computer • Site - a computer with a domain name • Example: barnesandnobleuniversity.com • Website - the location of a web domain name in a computer somewhere on the Internet

  17. The Web & How It Works • Web pages--the documents on a website • Web page - a document on the WWW that can include text, pictures, sound, and video • Example: Barnes & Noble University’s Science & Technology Campus

  18. The Web & How It Works • Browsers--software for connecting with websites • Web browser - software that enables users to view web pages and to jump from one page to another • Best-known browsers: • Microsoft’s Internet Explorer • Netscape Navigator

  19. The Web & How It Works • URLs--addresses for web pages http://www.nps.gov/abli/index.htm • Protocol : http:// • Domain name: www.nps.gov • Directory name: abli • File name: index.htm

  20. Using Your Browser to Get Around the Web • Home page - the first page you see when you start up your browser • Getting around: • Back - takes you back to the previous page • Forward - takes you to a page you returned from • Home - takes you to your home page

  21. Using Your Browser to Get Around the Web • History list - list accessible from browser’s toolbar that allows you to return to a page you have recently visited • Bookmarks or favorites - your favorite URLs stored in a list to permit frequent visits without retyping the URLs • Simultaneous viewing of two pages via File menu’s “New” item

  22. Using Your Browser to Get Around the Web • Interactivity--hyperlinks, radio buttons, and fill-in text boxes • Radio buttons - little circles located in front of various options; selecting an option with the mouse places a dot in the corresponding circle Radio buttons and textbox

  23. Web Portals: Starting Points for Finding Information • Web portal - website that groups together in one convenient location popular features such as search tools, e-mail, electronic commerce, and discussion groups

  24. Web Portals: Starting Points for Finding Information • After logging on, you can: • Check the home page for general info • Use the directories to find a topic • Use keyword to search for a topic

  25. Four Types of Search Engines • Human-organized search sites • Computer-created search sites • Hybrid search sites • Metasearch sites

  26. Multimedia on the Web • Plug-in - a program that adds a specific feature to a browser, allowing it to play or view certain files • Developing multimedia • Applets written in Java • ActiveX • JavaScript

  27. Multimedia on the Web • Text and images • Animation • Video • Download and view • Streaming video • Audio • Download and listen • Streaming audio

  28. Push Technology & Webcasting • Push technology - software that automatically downloads information to your computer • Webcasting - customized text, video, and audio sent to you automatically on a regular basis

  29. The Internet Telephone & Videophone • Internet telephony - using the Net to make phone calls, either one-to-one or for audioconferencing

  30. 2.5 The Online Gold Mine: More Internet Resources, Your Personal Cyberspace, E-Commerce, & the E-conomy • Other Internet resources: • FTP (File Transfer Protocol)--for copying all the free files you want • Telnet--to connect to remote computers

  31. Other Internet Resources • Newsgroups--for online typed discussions on specific topics • Real-time chat--typed discussions among online participants

  32. Your Personal Cyberspace • Relationships--online matchmaking • Education--the rise of distance learning • Health--patient self-education • Entertainment--amusing yourself

  33. E-Commerce • E-tailing--retail commerce online • Auctions--linking individual buyers and sellers • Online finance--trading, banking, and e-money • Online job hunting • B2B commerce

  34. Concept Check • What is the term for using the Net to make phone calls, either one-to-one or for audioconferencing? • Internet telephony

  35. Concept Check • Which program allows you to connect to remote computers on the Internet using a username and a password? • Telnet

  36. Concept Check • Which type of search site sends your query to several other different search tools and compiles the results? • Metasearch site

  37. Concept Check • What is the method whereby you can connect to a remote computer and transfer files from it to your own microcomputer’s hard disk? • FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

  38. Concept Check • Which language consists of tags, and is used to create web pages? • Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

  39. Concept Check • What are the four components of a URL? • The web protocol • The name of the web server • The directory on that server • The file within that directory

  40. Concept Check • What is the name given to online education programs? • Distance learning

  41. Concept Check • What is the term for writing an online message that uses derogatory, obscene, or inappropriate language? • Flaming

  42. Concept Check • What is the term for keyboard-produced pictorial representations of expressions? • Emoticons

  43. Concept Check • What is meant by “Gbps?” • One gigabit per second--one billion bits per second.

  44. Concept Check • What is “netiquette?” • Network etiquette--guides to appropriate online behavior

  45. Concept Check • What is the term for an independently controllable section of a Web page? • A frame

  46. Concept Check • What is the term for a Website such as Yahoo! that groups together popular features such as search tools, e-mail, electronic commerce, and discussion groups? • Portal

  47. Concept Check • What is broadband? • Very high speed connection

  48. Concept Check • What is the term for the transmission of data from a remote computer to a local computer? • Download

  49. Concept Check • What is the first component of a URL? • The protocol (for example, “http”)

  50. Concept Check • What method of interaction with a Web page consists of little circles in front of user-selectable options? • Radio buttons

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