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Computational Humour

Computational Humour. Seminar Presentation. Problem Definition. Modeling verbal humour in a computationally tractable way Other kinds of humour Cartoons Given some keywords Create a humorous text from it Problem of recognizing humorous text is a different problem. Outline.

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Computational Humour

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  1. Computational Humour Seminar Presentation

  2. Problem Definition • Modeling verbal humour in a computationally tractable way • Other kinds of humour • Cartoons • Given some keywords • Create a humorous text from it • Problem of recognizing humorous text is a different problem

  3. Outline • Problem Definition • Structure of Common Verbal Jokes • Theories of Humour • Process of Automatic Humour Generation • HAHAcronym system • Conclusion

  4. Structure of Common Verbal Jokes Hemendra

  5. One liners • Short sentence with comic effects • Simple syntax, deliberate use of rhetoric devices • Frequent use of creative language constructions • Humor-producing features are guaranteed to be present in the first (and only) sentence. • Suitable for use in an automatic learning setting. • Eg. • Take my advice; I don’t use it anyway. • Beauty is in the eye of the beer holder.

  6. Punning Riddles • Question-answer riddle • Uses phonological ambiguity. • Question and Answer in single sentence • Eg. • What do shortsighted ghosts wear? Spooktacles • How do you make gold soup? Put 24 carrots in it

  7. Wordplay Jokes • Depend on words that are similar in sound • Used in two different meanings • Difference between the two meanings • creates a conflict • breaks expectation

  8. Theories of Humour Praveen

  9. Superiority Theory • We laugh about the misfortunes of others • It reflects our own superiority • With such jokes, we are laughing AT someone, not laughing WITH them • Every situation has a winner and a loser • The winner is the one that successfully makes fun of the loser • There’s something about Mary (1998) • Deewane Huye Pagal (2005)

  10. Relief Theory • Laughter releases tension & psychic energy • Psychic energy builds up as an aid for suppressing feelings in taboo areas, like sex or death. • When psychic energy is released we experience laughter because • release of psychic energy • Because taboo thoughts are being entertained • Pleasant sensation experienced when humor replaces negative feelings like pain or sadness.

  11. Incongruity Theory • Incongruity • Dictionary meaning: “Disagreement of parts” • A joke has two parts : setup & punchline • Setup has 2 meanings • One meaning is most obvious, other meaning remains hidden • Punch line suddenly brings the less obvious meaning in spotlight • This disagreement of setup and punch line is called incongruity

  12. General Theory of Verbal Humour Rohan

  13. General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) • “How many Poles does it take to screw in a light bulb? Five. One to hold the bulb and four to turn the table he's standing on.” • Script opposition • Logical mechanism – figure-ground reversal • “How many Poles does it take to screw in a light bulb? Five. One to hold the light bulb and four to look for the right screwdriver” – false analogy

  14. GTVH – contd. • Situation • “How many Poles does it take to wash a car? Two. One to hold the sponge and one to move the car back and forth.” • Target • Narrative strategy • “It takes five Poles to screw in a light bulb: one to hold the light bulb and four to turn the table he's standing on.” – expository text • Language

  15. Demo

  16. Demo • “You know what’s weird? Donald duck never wore pants… But, whenever he’s getting out of the shower, he always puts a towel around his waist… I mean, what is that about?” - Chandler • Script opposition – dumb vs. non-dumb • Logical mechanism – inconsistency • Situation – shower scene of Donald duck • Target – Disney cartoon character ‘Donald duck’ • Narrative strategy – irony • Language – 2 sentences – 2 oppositions

  17. Humour Interpretation and Generation Avijit

  18. Surprise Disambiguation for Jokes • Based on the incongruity resolution theory • Joke consists of a set-up and a punchline • Two interpretations of set-up one more obvious than the other • Punchline creates incongruity • Cognitive rule has to be found out for punchline to follow the set-up naturally

  19. Surprise Disambiguation for Jokes Some essential properties • One Obvious interpretation of set-up • Conflict of punchline with obvious set-up • Compatibility of punchline with hidden set-up • Comparison between two set-ups • Inappropriateness of hidden set-up • Another approach : Violation of prediction of set-up

  20. Model for Punning Riddles • Syllable substitution • What do shortsighted ghost’s wear? Spooktacles • Word Substitution • How do you make gold soup? Put 24 carrots in it • Metathesis • What is the difference between an oak tree and a tight shoe? One makes acorns, the other makes corns ache

  21. Word Substitution • List of homophones already available • Lexicon consists of lexemes and lexical relations • Two requirements: schema and template • Schema : Relations between lexemes • Template: Information to turn schema and lexemes into piece of text • Eg. JAPE (Joke Analysis and Production Engine)

  22. HAHAcronym Modifying the acronym expansion in a humorous way

  23. Humorous Ironic Acronym Re-analyzer • Resources used • WordNet & WordNet Domains • Synsets tagged with Domain information • Parser, morphological analyzer, etc

  24. WordNet Domains • 250 domain labels • Hierarchy of domains • Opposing semantic fields • On the basis of study of jokes • Examples • Religion Vs Technology • Sex Vs Religion root

  25. Abstract Architecture • Parse the acronym • Choice of what to keep unchanged • What to keep unchanged • Typically it is the head of the NP • Search for possible substitutions • Using semantic field oppositions • WordNet antonymy relations

  26. Evaluation • Human evaluation • Students from universities • 70% acronyms were found to be funny • System won Jury’s special prize in a laughter challenge 

  27. Conclusion • In this presentation • Humour theories • Humour Generation techniques • Example humour generating system • Humour research is useful for • Designing better human computer interaction systems • Computer aided joke generation

  28. Thank You for your patience !  Questions ?

  29. References • F.R.I.E.N.D.S. …  • M. Mulder and A. Nijholt, Humour Research : State of the Art, University of Twente, Center for Telematics and Information Technology, Technical Report CTIT-02-34, Septeber 2002, 24 pp. • Stock, O. and Strapparava, C. 2005. HAHAcronym: a computational humor system. In Proceedings of the ACL 2005 on interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions (Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 25 - 30, 2005). Annual Meeting of the ACL. Association for Computational Linguistics, Morristown, NJ, 113-116. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1225753.1225782. • Characterizing Humour: An Exploration of Features in Humorous Texts, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, ISSN: 0302-9743 (Print) 1611-3349 (Online), Volume 4394/2007, Saturday, May 19, 2007 • http://aath.org • http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~kimb/dai_version/subsection3_9_1.html

  30. Demo • “You know what’s weird? Donald duck never wore pants… But, whenever he’s getting out of the shower, he always puts a towel around his waist… I mean, what is that about?” - Chandler • Script opposition – dumb vs. non-dumb • Logical mechanism – inconsistency • Situation – shower scene of Donald duck • Target – Disney cartoon character ‘Donald duck’ • Narrative strategy – irony • Language – 2 sentences – 2 oppositions

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