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Bell Work, Apr 28 – May 1 , 2014

Bell Work, Apr 28 – May 1 , 2014. Test Review from Matter & Change Test. Bell Work, Monday, 4/28/14. 1. Q = heat, fluids are liquids & gasses the circle is the thermometer (the system), the square is the fluid (the surroundings). Heat always flows from: hot to cold (high to low ).

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Bell Work, Apr 28 – May 1 , 2014

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  1. Bell Work, Apr 28 – May 1 , 2014 Test Review from Matter & Change Test

  2. Bell Work, Monday, 4/28/14 1. Q = heat, fluids are liquids & gasses • the circle is the thermometer (the system), the square is the fluid (the surroundings). • Heat always flows from: • hot to cold (high to low) Draw the diagrams FLUID: THERMOMETER COLDER THERMOMETER COLDER WARMER FLUID: WARMER

  3. Bell Work, Monday, 4/28/14 • Matching: contracts, expands • When a liquid or gas is heated it __________ • When a liquid or gas is cooled it __________ • 3. Explain why the mercury or alcohol level in a thermometer rises when it is placed in a warmer fluid. (3-step process) • Step 1: energy transfer (hot to cold or cold to hot?) • Step 2: speed • Step 3: hint: see #2 • Resulting in: • 4. Explain why the mercury or alcohol level in a thermometer falls when it is placed in a colder fluid. Use the 3-step process from #3. expands contracts

  4. Bell Work, Monday, 4/28/14 • 3. Explain why the mercury or alcohol level in a thermometer rises when it is placed in a warmer fluid. (3-step process) • Energy from the warmer fluid (the surroundings) is transferred to the liquid in the thermometer. • This energy causes the alcohol molecules to move faster. • The alcohol molecules move further apart (expand). • Result: alcohol rises in the tube. • 4. Explain why the mercury or alcohol level in a thermometer falls when it is placed in a warmer fluid. (3-step process). • Energy from the warmer thermometer is transferred to the fluid (the surroundings). • This energy loss causes the alcohol molecules to move slower. • The alcohol molecules move closer together (contract). • Result: alcohol goes down in the tube.

  5. Bell Work, Tuesday, 4/29/14 (6 questions) • 1. Define energy. • Energy is a conserved substance-like quantity that is stored in various ways and transferred in various ways. • 2. What is kinetic energy • Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. • 3. What is thermal energy? • Thermal energy (Eth) is related to the motion (speed) of the particles and is measured by temperature. • 4. What is phase energy? • Phase energy is the energy needed to separate (pull apart) molecules. • 5. How is energy transferred from one particle to another? • Energy is transferred from particle to particle via collisions among the particles. • 1. State the kinetic theory of matter • According to the kinetic theory of matter, matter is made of atoms and molecules. • These atoms and molecules act like tiny particles that are always in motion. • The higher the temperature of the substance is, the faster the particles move.

  6. Bell Work, Tuesday, 4/29/14 6. State the kinetic molecular theory • Matter is made up of particles. • Particles are in constant motion. • One exception: at a temperature of absolute zero (-273°C, 0°K), all motion stops. • The speed of the particles is related to their temperature. • When energy is transferred to a sample of matter, either the particles speed up resulting in the temperature increasing and the thermal energy increasing or they get pulled apart resulting in the phase energy increasing and a phase change, but not both at the same time.

  7. Whiteboards- Unit 2, Worksheet 1

  8. Bell Work, Wednesday, Apr 30, 2013 (3Q) 1.Equal masses of water and alcohol, at 25°C, are heated at the same rate. After 3 minutes the temperature of the alcohol is 50°C. It took 5 minutes for the water to reach 50°C. Which of the following is true once the water and alcohol have both reached 50°C? a. The water received more energy than the alcohol. b. The alcohol received more energy than the water. c. Both received the same amount • 2. Explain gas pressure • Pressure of gases is explained in terms of the frequency and force of impact of collisions of the particles with the sides of the container. More particles mean more collisions. Amount of Energy

  9. Bell Work, Wednesday, Apr 30, 2013 Draw the chart • Compare and contrast temperature measured in the Celsius scale and the absolute (aka: Kelvin scale). Compare: 1ºC = 1ºK Contrast: Celsius begins at -273, kelvin begins at 0, and:

  10. Whiteboards- Unit 3 Worksheet Draw the heating curve

  11. Bell Work, Thursday , May 1, 2014 (7 Q) D A C B 1. Which graph represents the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its volume A B C D 2. Which graph represents the relationship between the volume of a gas and the Celsius temperature? A B C D 3. Which graph represents the relationship between the volume of a gas and the Kelvin (absolute) temperature? A B C D 4. Which graph represents the relationship between the pressure of a gas and the number of particles? AB C D

  12. Bell Work, Thursday, May 1, 2014 5. The pressure exerted by a gas in a container depends ona. the space between the molecules b. the instrument used to measure the pressure c. the number of collisions between gas molecules and other gas moleculesd. the number of collisions between gas molecules and the walls of the container 6.When a sample of gas is cooled, its thermal energya. increasesb. decreasesc. remains the samed. varies depending on the pressuree. varies depending on the volume 7.

  13. Bell Work, Thursday, May 1, 2014 D A 7.The diagram below left shows a representation of a sample of gas at 25˚C. Which of the following best represents the same gas at a) 0˚C? b) At - 250˚C? 8. When gaseous water condenses to liquid water • particles of hydrogen and oxygen recombine to form H2O. • the water releases energy to the surroundings. • the water particles are arranged in an orderly pattern. • the water absorbs energy from the surroundings Draw the boxes

  14. Test Question 9. A sample of water is brought to a boil. Inside a bubble are(is) • particles of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas • just empty space. c. particles of air. d. particles of water.

  15. 1. 2. 3. 4.

  16. Whiteboards- Simulation Worksheet Thursday’s Bellwork

  17. Bell Work, Thursday, 4/24/14 (1 questions) 1. A 1.0-gram sample of solid iodine is placed in a tube and the tube is sealed after all of the air is removed. The tube and the solid iodine together weigh 27.0 grams. The tube is then heated until all of the iodine evaporates, filling the tube with iodine gas. After heating, the total mass will be: a. less than 26.0 grams. d. 28.0 grams. b. 26.0 grams. e. more than 28.0 grams. c. 27.0 grams.

  18. Bell Work, Friday, 4/25/14 1. When an iron nail melts, its mass ____. a. stays the same c. increases • decreases d. cannot be determined 2. When the sugar dissolved in the water, you found that the mass remained unchanged. When the Alka-Seltzer dissolved in the water, the mass of the system changed. The best explanation is. • The Alka-Seltzer underwent a chemical change. b. The Alka-Seltzer experiment was an open system. c. The sugar and water was in a closed system and did not undergo a chemical change. d. All the above answers are correct.

  19. Bell Work, Tuesday, 4/15/14 Draw the diagrams 1.Which diagram represents the solid state, the liquid state and the gas state of matter. Explain your answer. B A C Liquid - no definite shape but definite volume. Solid - definite shape & volume. Gas - no definite shape, no definite volume.

  20. Bell Work, Tuesday, 4/15/14 Draw the diagrams: A B C 2. Identify the solid. 3. Identify the liquid. 4. Identify the gas. 2. B 3. A 4. C

  21. Bell Work, Wednesday , Apr 16 1. See Unit 1 Worksheet 3, Question 4 c If you put 10.0 mL of A in one balance pan, what mass of B would you need in the other pan to make it balance? Explain your reasoning. Density of A: 1.6 g/mL, Density of B: 0.5 g/mL Density of A = 1.6 g/mL Need to calculate the mass of 10 mL of A. = 16 g m =? V =10 mL D = 1.6 g/ mL 16 g B 16 g A

  22. Bell Work, Thursday 4/17/14 177 ml 38.5 ml Draw the blue section of the graduated cylinders: 1. Write down the measurements in mL and uncertainty for each graduated cylinder. 2.35 ml ±2.5 ml ±0.5 ml ±0.05 ml Uncertainty = ± ½ the minor mark

  23. Bell Work, Thursday, Apr 17 2. See Unit 1 Worksheet 3, Question 4 d If you put 35.0 mL of B in one balance pan, what volume of A would you need in the other pan to make it balance? Explain your reasoning. Density of A: 1.6 g/mL, Density of B: 0.5 g/mL Density of B = 0.5 g/mL Need to calculate the mass of 35 mL of B. 17.5 g A 17.5 g B 0.5 = 17.5 g The question asked for the volume of A, so calculate the volume of 17.5 g m =17.5g V =? D = 1.6 g/ mL = 10.9 mL

  24. Worksheet 3 Worksheet 4

  25. Whiteboards- Worksheet 4

  26. Bell Work, Monday, April 7, 2014 Sketch the graph 1 For the silver metal, what does a slope of 1.97 g/ mL mean ? What is density? What does the slope or the line represent? 3. What does the y-intercept of 0.485 mean? Hint: write the x, y coordinates. 4. What is negligible?

  27. Bell Work, April 7, 2014 1. For a piece of silver metal, what does a slope of 1.97 mean? 1 mL has a mass of 1.97 g. Every time the volume changes by 1 mL, the mass changes by 1.97 g. 1 (0, 0.485) 2. What is density? Slope? Density (D) is the amount of mass (m) in each unit of volume (V). In this case, each 1 mL of volume contains 1.97 g of mass. Slope = = = 3. What does the y-intercept of 0.485 mean? When the volume is zero, the mass = 0.4855 g 4. What is negligible? D = m/v = Density Coordinates (x,y) = (0, 0.485) • Insignificant or a value of zero.

  28. Bell Work, Tuesday, April 8 (6 question) • 1. Label the coordinate of the data point with the maximum value of y. • 2. State the 5% rule for the y-intercept? • If the absolute value of the y intercept is = or < 5% of the maximum y value , it is negligible and equals zero. 6, 11.69 3. Is the y-intercept on this graph negligible? Do the 5% test: 11.69 is the max y value. 5% of 11.69 = 0.05 x 11.69 = 0.585 So,the y-intercept is negligible and can be assumed to be zero. 4. What do you do if the y-intercept is -0.485? Use the absolute value: change -0.485 to + 0.485 0.485 < 0.5585

  29. Bell Work, Wednesday, April 9 • A handbook gives the density of calcium as 1.54 g/cm3. What is the percent error of a density calculation of 2.25 g/cm3 based on lab measurements? • Determine the Percent Range for the following densities: • 6.2 g/cm3, 7.0 g/cm3, 7.3 g/cm3 3. Define characteristic properties. • For a given substance, such as aluminum, does density change when the size of the sample changes or is the density the same for all samples of a substance? Why?

  30. Bell Work, Answer, Wednesday, 4/9/14 1. 𝑨𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑽𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆 = 1.54, Percent error = 46 .10% 2. Highest value = 7.3 Lowest Value = 6.2 = 17.7%

  31. Bell Work, Wednesday, April 9 3. Characteristic properties are properties that are unique to each substance and can be used to identify a substance. Some examples of these properties are: • Density – amount of mass per unit volume. • Boling Point – temperature that the stuff boils. • Melting/ Freezing Point- temperature that the stuff melts/ freezes. • Density is always the same for each unique substance. • Example: density of aluminum always 2.70 g/ mL, & water always = 1 g/mL for all masses of water & aluminum. This is because density is a characteristic property unique to each substance.

  32. Bell Work, Thursday , April 10 1. Below is a list of substances and their densities: water 1.00 g/mL iron 7.87 g/mL lead 11.34 g/mL. You are given a 1.00 kilogram sample of each. Which sample has the greatest mass? a. The water c. The iron b. The lead d. They all have the same mass. 2. Which sample has the greatest volume?

  33. Bell Work, Thursday , April 10 You are given a 1.00 kilogram sample of each. water 1.00 g/mL iron 7.87 g/mL lead 11.34 g/mL 2. Which sample has the greatest volume? Density is the slope of the line. 1 kg of water has the greatest volume. (note: the slopes of iron & lead are not plotted with their actual slopes. Their positions are shown relative to water.) . Water = 1 Lead = 11.34 Iron = 7.87 1000 Mass (g) 0 Volume ( 100 cm3)

  34. Bell Work, Thursday , April 10 • What is the relationship between mass and volume? • Density. You can convert between mass & volume using density. • The mass of a 5.00 cm3 sample of clay is 11 g. What is the density of the clay? • Find the mass of a 1.50 cm3 sample of aluminum whose density is 2.70 g/cm3. • = v = 5.00 cm3 m = 11g D = D = m = ?g 2.70 g/cm3 = v = 1.50 cm3 D = x = mass = 4.05 g x

  35. Bell Work, Tuesday Mar 25, 2013 (six questions) 1. Consider the following chemical equation: A + B  C+D The reactants are __________ and the products are ______. • A & C, B & D c. A & B, C & D • C & D, A & B d. A & D, B & C • 2. Reactants . The starting material, are always written on the _____ of the arrow and products (the stuff that is produced) are always written on the _______ of the arrow. • 3. The arrow means: • Produces, makes, turns into, yields. left right

  36. Bell Work, Wednesday, 3/26/14 (7 questions) • What is a system? • The thing you are experimenting with including the container. • 2. Define “open system”? • Stuff can enter and exit the system. • 3. Define closed system. • Nothing can enter or exit the system. • State the law of Conservation of Mass (COM) • Matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. • Therefore, the mass of a closed system should remain constant during any chemical process.

  37. Bell Work, Wednesday, 3/26/14 5. For the chemical reaction X + Y  Z how much product will result from mixing 100 grams of X with 50 grams of Y? 6. For the chemical reactionM + N P if you produce 25 grams of P and there was originally 10 grams of M, how many grams of N did you start with? 7. What property of matter does not change even though the appearance may change? a. mass b. area c. shape d. volume

  38. Bell Work, Wednesday, 3/26/14 5.For the chemical reaction X + Y  Z how much product will result from mixing 100 grams of X with 50 grams of Y? The law of Conservation of Mass (COM) says grams of reactants = grams of product 100 g of X + 50 g of Y = g of Z 100 g + 50 g = 150 g 150 g of Z grams reactants = 150g, grams of product = 150g

  39. Bell Work, Wednesday, 3/26/14 6.In the chemical reaction M + N  P 25 grams of P are produced. If there was originally 10 grams of M, how many grams of N did you start with? 10 g of M + ? g of N = 25 g of P g of N = 25 g P – 10 g M g of N = 15 g 7. What property of matter does not change even though the appearance may change? a. mass b. area c. shape d. volume grams reactants = 25 g, grams of product = 25 g 15 g of N

  40. Bell Work, Thursday, 3/27/14 (six ques) • What is a physical change? Physical change: does not result in a new substance. A physical change can usually be undone and result in the original composition of the substance. Example: water can be frozen into ice then melted back to water. 2. What is a chemical change? A chemical change results in a new substance(s). A chemical change is a chemical reaction. Example: Burning (combustion) a match results in ash, water vapor and carbon dioxide

  41. ACT counts as two test grades using this curve:

  42. ACT Scores

  43. ACT Scores Test IV, Group

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