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Chapter 9 The Five Republics

Chapter 9 The Five Republics. Choctaw Government. First written constitution in Oklahoma. Legislative=unicameral, 10 reps from 3 districts Executive=3 district chiefs, 4 year terms, lighthorse of 18 peace officers. Choctaw Government. Judicial=3 judges Bill of Rights.

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Chapter 9 The Five Republics

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  1. Chapter 9The Five Republics

  2. Choctaw Government • First written constitution in Oklahoma. • Legislative=unicameral, 10 reps from 3 districts • Executive=3 district chiefs, 4 year terms, lighthorse of 18 peace officers

  3. Choctaw Government • Judicial=3 judges • Bill of Rights

  4. Chickasaw Government • At first, citizens of Choctaw Nation • 1855, made treaty with Choctaws to make their own nation • Constitution almost identical to Choctaws • Capital at Tishomingo

  5. Cherokee Government • John Ross and “new” Cherokees didn’t want to accept government of existing Cherokees. They wanted to write a new constitution. • June 22, 1839, signers of the Treaty of New Echota were killed.

  6. Cherokee Government • Stand Watiesought revenge. Blood feud lasted 7 years. • Constitution conventions held. • 1840, new constitution written. Tahlequah is capital.

  7. Creek Government • Lower Creeks and Upper Creeks were divided but got along. • Not centralized, almost 50 towns in a confederation each with a chief and 2nd chief

  8. Creek Government • National Council organized in 1840 • 1859, first written constitution, still had division of Upper and Lower, chiefs became elected positions

  9. Seminole Government • Least organized, didn’t want to join Creeks • 25 towns with chiefs • Annual summer meeting of town chiefs

  10. Seminole Government • Some Seminoles and Creeks created a colony in Mexico • 1856, Creeks granted Seminoles independence with own land

  11. Economic Reconstruction • Farm sites for fruits and vegetables • Fields of cotton • Slavery=less harsh in Indian Territory, some could marry and have property • Choctaw slaves composed “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot”

  12. Economic Reconstruction • Ranching=cattle, sheep, goats, horses, hogs • Commerce evolved and towns grew as trading centers • Manufacturing

  13. Economic Reconstruction • Transportation= • Texas Road-Highway 69 (northeast/southwest) • California Trail (east/west) • Butterfield Road (stagecoach line to link St.Louis and Los Angeles) • Red and Arkansas Rivers by keelboats and steamboats

  14. Religion • Traditional • Presbyterian: ABCFM, Byington and Worcester, Wheelock Church • Baptist: opposed slavery • Methodist: circuit-riding preachers • Moravians

  15. Religion • Many female missionaries • Missionaries taught the gospel, practiced medicine, opposed alcohol, advised tribal leaders, converted languages into written form, opened schools

  16. Educational Reconstruction • Almost every mission had a day school • Boarding schools created • Used annuities from treaties and mission funds

  17. Educational Reconstruction • Reading, writing, math, history, Latin, Greek, philosophy, biology, astronomy and the Bible • Vocational training too • Cherokees separated church and state

  18. International Relations • Interaction with each other, western tribes, and US government. • International councils to discuss problems. • Problems with Mexico and Texas. • New forts created

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