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Coordination of Standards for Smart Grid - Distributed Renewables, Generators and Storage DEWG

Coordination of Standards for Smart Grid - Distributed Renewables, Generators and Storage DEWG. Allen Hefner NIST Smart Grid Team National Institute of Standards and Technology U.S. Department of Commerce. Today’s Electric Grid. Generation. Transmission. Distribution.

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Coordination of Standards for Smart Grid - Distributed Renewables, Generators and Storage DEWG

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  1. Coordination of Standards for Smart Grid - Distributed Renewables, Generators and Storage DEWG • Allen Hefner • NIST Smart Grid Team • National Institute of Standards and Technology • U.S. Department of Commerce

  2. Today’s Electric Grid Generation Transmission Distribution Markets and Operations Customer Use One-way flow of electricity Centralized, bulk generation Heavy reliance on coal, natural gas Limited automation Limited situational awareness Consumers lack data to manage energy usage

  3. Smart Grid = Electrical Grid + Intelligence 2-way flow of electricity and information

  4. Smart Grid – Paradigm Shift From: To: Restructured competitive markets More distributed generation Sensors everywhere Multilevel distributed control and interconnected microgrids Stochastic control Responsive demand, generation and storage Open standards International alignment and standards coordination • Vertically integrated monopolies • Centralized generation • Limited awareness • Hierarchical network • Deterministic control • Generation to meet demand • Proprietary architectures and interfaces • Country-specific standardization

  5. Smart Grid – U.S. National Priority “We’ll fund a better, smarter electricity grid and train workers to build it…” President Barack Obama “To meet the energy challenge and create a 21st century energy economy, we need a 21st century electric grid…” Secretary of Energy Steven Chu “A smart electricity grid will revolutionize the way we use energy, but we need standards …” Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke • Congressional Priority:EISA 2007, ARRA, oversight, new bills … • Administration Priority – www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/ • A Policy Framework for the 21st Century Grid (June 2011) • Green Button Initiative – available to 35 Million by 2013 • – www.nist.gov/smartgrid/greenbutton.cfm

  6. The NIST Role Energy Independence and Security Act (2007) In cooperation with the DoE, NEMA, IEEE, GWAC, and other stakeholders, NIST has “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of smart grid devices and systems…”

  7. White House Kickoff Meeting • May 18, 2009: Meeting chaired by Secretaries of Energy and Commerce • 66 CEOs and senior executives, federal and state regulators • Commitment of industry CEOs for their people (staff) to participate in NIST process to accelerate development of a smart grid roadmap

  8. US Government Roles in Smart Grid Federal Office of Science and Technology Policy; National Economic Council; Council on Environmental Quality Smart Grid Task Force / National Science & Technology Council - Smart Grid Subcommittee Other Federal Agencies (DoD, …) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FERC – NARUC Smart Response Collaborative State State Public Utility Commissions

  9. NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Plan NEXT CHAPTER Private-Public “New” Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (2.0) PHASE 1 Initial Framework and Standards based on Summer 2009 workshops, finalized Jan2010 PHASE 2 Public-Private Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) Federal Advisory Committee Input PHASE 3 Testing & Certification Domain Expert Working Groups (w/ GWAC) Stakeholder Outreach NIST Staff and Research & Stds NIST Smart Grid Research &Standards Program NIST / Grass Roots Support 2010 & 2013 and on 2008 2009 2012 2011

  10. NIST Framework and Roadmap Final version 1.0 January 2010 Public comments on draft reviewed and addressed Smart Grid Vision / Model Priority Action Plans to fill gaps (some completed, new) “Guidelines for Smart Grid Cyber Security” NISTIR 7628, published in September 2010 Release version 2 February 2012with SGIP involvement 100 key standards identified IEC, IEEE, … http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/ Conceptual Model http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/

  11. NIST Smart Grid Reference Model

  12. Release 2 adds DER Domain

  13. NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel 1.0 Web-based participation http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/SGIP • Public-private partnership created in Nov. 2009 • Over 780 member organizations, 1900 participants • Open, public process with international participation • Coordinates standards development • Identifies Requirements • Prioritizes standards development programs • Works with over 20 SDOs including IEC, ISO, ITU, IEEE, … • New SGIP 2.0 legal entity now established, private sector driven 13

  14. SGIP Organization (1.0)

  15. PAPs - Filling Gaps in the Standards

  16. PAP 10, 20: Green Button Information Allow consumers to download standardized data file by clicking online “Green Button” to view their energy use information and send to 3rd parties for value-added services • 7 awards announced in May 2012 to demonstrate and adopt information tools to allow consumers to better manage energy use 20 utilities committed to provide Green Button data access to 31 million customers (as of May 2012) • 7 Green Button Apps for Energy awards announced in May-June 2012 to get the most out of Green Button data Standard EUI File Format Value-added Services

  17. SGIP Organization (1.0) PAP 7

  18. Task 4: Develop and Harmonize Object Models • IEC 61850-7-420: Expanded to include • Multifunctional ES-DER operational interface • Harmonized with CIM & MultiSpeak • Map to MMS, DNP3, web services, & SEP 2 PAP 7: Smart Grid ES-DER Standards Task 2: IEEE 1547.4 for island applications and IEEE 1547.6 for secondary networks Info exchanges MIC PAPs

  19. IEEE 1547 Interconnection Standards 1547- 2008 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems (EPS) P1547a Addendum to permit regulation and ride-through 1547.1 - 2005 Standard for Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting DR with EPS 1547.2 - 2008 Application Guide for IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnection of DR with EPS 1547.3 - 2007 Guide for Monitoring, Information Exchange and Control of DR P1547.4 Guide for Design, Operation, & Integration of Distributed Resource Island Systems with EPS Microgrids P1547.5 Guidelines for Interconnection of EPS >10 MVA to the Power Transmission Grid P1547.8 Extension of 1547, e.g. grid support, energy storage, ride-thru, etc. Recent 1547 Projects P1547.6 Recommended Practice for Interconnecting DR With EPS Distribution Secondary Networks P1547.7 Draft Guide to Conducting Distribution Impact Studies for DR Interconnection http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/index.html

  20. EPRI/Sandia NL Smart Inverter Initiative Map to Protocols Modbus- Sunspec DNP3 Represent in Standard Information Model IEC 61850-7-420 Select a Specific Way to Implement each Function Identify Needed Functions Smart Energy Profile MMS, Web Services, Other Published IEC 61850-90-7 Informative document Smart Inverter Focus Group Interest Group, Demonstrations, PAP7, IEEE 1547 Standards Groups, Funded Efforts courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)

  21. EPRI/SNL Smart Inverter Functions • Phase 1 Functions: • Connect/Disconnect – Non Islanding • Max Generation Level Control • Smart VAR Management and PF • Storage Management • State/Status Monitoring • Event Logging • Time Adjustment • Status: • Detailed Function Definition Complete • Representation in Terms of IEC 61850 Complete (contributions made to IEC) • DNP3 Mapping Completed • Smart Energy Profile Mapping in Process • Phase 2 Functions: • Voltage Sag Ride-Through • Autonomous Watt-Voltage Management (transient and steady-state) • Autonomous Watt-Frequency Management • Islanding (multiple configurations) • Additions to State/Status Monitoring • Status: • In process in coordination with IEEE P1547.8 and NIST PAP7 & DRGS • Will be Added to the DNP3, SEP2, and other protocol mappings courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)

  22. EPRI/SNL Volt-Var Control Function Utility-Defined Curve Shapes Q1 Volt/Var Mode 1 – Normal Regulation Capacitive System Voltage Q2 Q3 VARs Generated V4 V1 V2 V3 Simple Broadcast Inductive Q4 Q1 Capacitive Volt/Var Mode 2 – Transmission VAR Support System Voltage Q2 VARs Generated V1 V2 Inductive courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)

  23. SGIP Organization (1.0) DRGS DEWG

  24. Distributed Renewables, Generators and Storage • DRGS Domain Expert Working Group initiated September 2011 • Identify Smart Grid standards and interoperability issues/gaps for • Integration of renewable/clean and distributed generators and storage • Operation in high penetration scenarios, weak grids, microgrids, DC grids • Including interaction of high-bandwidth and high-inertia type devices • Focus on Smart Grid functions that • mitigate impact of variability and intermittency of renewable generators • enable generators and storage to provide valuable grid supportive services • prevent unintentional islanding and cascading events for clustered devices • Activities of DRGS DEWG • Consistent approaches for generators/storage types and domains • Use cases and information exchange requirements • Define new PAPs to address standards gaps and issues

  25. Join DRGS DEWG and Subgroup Listservs • To participate in group/subgroups, join the listservs: • Listserv name for the entire DRGS DEWG:  SGIP-DRGSWG • Listserv names for the five subgroups:  • DRGS Standards Roadmap:SGIP-DRGSSubgroupA • DRGS UCs, Information Exchange, and Object Models:SGIP-DRGSSubgroupB • DRGS Microgrids and Hierarchical Distributed Control:SGIP-DRGSSubgroupC • DRGS Conformity /Interoperability Test/Certification:SGIP-DRGSSubgroupD • DRGS Regulatory and Market Issues Subgroup:  SGIP-DRGSSubgroupE • Instructions: • Visit the SGIP Listserv site and select list serve name you wish to join: http://www.smartgridlistserv.org/ • First-time visitors will have to register login information and respond to email. • Then select the listserv name you want to join and follow the instructions to click “join or leave” and then “join” on the next two pages. • To join multiple listserv names, you can use the back button to select another listserv name and again click join on the next two pages. • You must later respond to the conformation email for each listserv you join. • If you do not receive the conformation email, please let us know.

  26. Sub/Task Group Webinar Meeting Dates

  27. DRGS DEWG Accomplishments (Dec/Nov 2012) Formed Subgroups (A,B,C, D, and E) and held Bi-weekly DRGS General and Subgroup meetings . Subgroups prioritized Issues/Gaps and began to address highest priorities. Defined format and process for roadmapping smart grid requirements for DRGS key thrusts (DER grid supportive functions, plug and play solar, etc.), and for aligning DRGS Roadmap with other SGIP groups and international DER roadmaps. Drafted White Paper on “Potential Regulatory and Market Barriers and Associated Technical Challenges to Deployment of Distributed Generation and Storage” Coordinated advancement of interoperable smart grid weather information exchange and submitted a PAP proposal that was approved by SGIP. Held Joint EPRI/DOE/NIST Workshop and initiated activity to define Information Exchange Requirements for DER Interactions with DMS (CIM and MultiSpeak) Developed initial DER Use Case Classification Matrix and began to define process for identifying key use cases for standards development Developed initial Terms and Definitions for MicrogridTypes and identified goal of defining hierarchal/multilevel distributed control framework Announced new subgroup on DER Interconnection Standards

  28. DRGS DEWG 2013 Planned Work • Complete draft roadmap for DRGS thrusts - DRGS General Meeting • Complete white paper addressing regulatory and market issues for DER simultaneously participating in regional and local markets – Subgroup E • Complete UC hierarchy and classification matrix to identify issues/gaps and draft white paper. Subgroup B • Conduct meetings in collaboration with EPRI to define a set of DMS functions for DER ( for CIM and MultiSpeak) – Subgroup C • Develop white paper describing hierarchal/multilevel distributed control framework for DER in coordination with IEC TC57 WG17 TF • Initiate DER Interconnection Standards (DER-IS), Subgroup F • Identify/develop "Failure Scenario" Use Cases that address natural disasters, equipment failures, configuration inadequacies, and cyber-attack scenarios – Subgroup B

  29. DER Interactions with DMS (Subgroup C) Collaborative undertaking of EPRI, DOE EERE, and NIST regarding Distributed Energy Resources (DER) (including generation, storage, and inverter functions) and their integration, support, and interaction with Distribution Management Systems (DMS). Brings together a group of utility distribution management experts, DMS software, and DER specialists, to identify a starting list (core set) of practical, useful, DER / DMS interactions. Provide the industry with a valuable point of reference for DER integration and guidance to standards development organizations. courtesy: Brian Seal and Kristen Nicole (EPRI)

  30. DER Interconnection Standards Subgroup F • DOE and NIST encourage participation in new DRGS DEWG subgroup on DER Interconnection Standards • Purpose: coordinate U.S. and international DER Interconnection Standards development efforts, e.g., • IEEE 1547 Amendment to permit voltage regulation and ride through of abnormal voltage, frequency conditions • IEEE P1547.8 recommended practice standard for advanced applications • IEC TC 8/1308/NP on consumer domain energy source interconnection • Also, serve as a model for coordinating other DOE supported Smart Grid standards activities

  31. P1547.8: Recommended Practice … for Expanded Use of IEEE 1547 courtesy: Tom Basso (NREL) • Example considerations in P1547.8 include: • voltage regulation; • voltage and frequency ride thru; • grid support (including volt‐ampere reactive support); • two‐way monitoring, information exchange and control; • advanced/interactive grid‐DR operations; • high‐penetration levels and multiple interconnections; • interactive inverters/interconnection systems; • energy storage; • system protection • DR greater than 10 MVA (individual and aggregate); • etc.

  32. P1547a: IEEE Std 1547 Amendment 1 courtesy: Tom Basso (NREL) • IEEE Std 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources (DR) with Electric Power Systems (EPS) • Inaugural meeting Nov. 29 – 30, 2012 • Target: CY 2013 ballot • Amendment addresses changes to three 1547 topics: • Voltage regulation • Response to area EPS abnormal conditions – Voltage • Response to area EPS abnormal conditions – Frequency Visit: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/1547a/1547a_logistics.html

  33. Contact Information George Arnold National Coordinator for Smart Grid Interoperabilitygeorge.arnold@nist.govDavid Wollman Dean Prochaska david.wollman@nist.govdean.prochaska@nist.gov Al Hefner Allen.hefner@nist.gov US Government Smart Grid Website: http://www.smartgrid.gov/ NIST Smart Grid Website: http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/ NIST SGIP Collaborative Twiki site: http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/

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