The LA Purchase, Manifest Destiny, Settling the West, and the Mining Boom

1. The LA Purchase, Manifest Destiny, Settling the West, and the Mining Boom

2. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

3. TSWU Wednesday Aug 24 / Thursday Aug 25 • Examine the LA Purchase & expedition of Lewis & Clark and tie them to Manifest Destiny, while tracing the roots of ranching, mining, and settling on the Western Frontier.

4. Jefferson’s Offer From France • President Thomas Jefferson faced an important decision during the summer of 1803. • Jefferson wanted to protect farmers of the Ohio River Valley who depended on access to New Orleans. • Why was N.O. so important? • The purchase would ensure the US’ access to the Mississippi River would not be threatened.

5. Jefferson sent James Monroe and Robert Livingston, to negotiate the treaty with Napoleon. • They were told to offer $2 million for the port, but authorized to spend as much as $10 million. • When they returned, Pres. Jefferson was shocked when he heard Napoleon’s offer…

6. Negotiations For The Land • Napoleon's counter offer was to sell the entire territory of Louisiana to the U.S. for $15 million. • Question: • How do you spell stupid?

7. The LA Purchase -1803 $15 Million for all this? $2 Million for this…

8. Lewis and Clark Expedition • Jefferson enlisted Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore and map out the territory which had just been purchased from Napoleon. • This Corps of Discovery would forever change the US • 2nd Part: Dunbar & Hunter secretly explore the southern edge of the purchase. - Why do you think this part was secret?

9. Goal(s) • Lewis and Clark were to provide info on the differing Flora & Fauna • Map the Northwestern Territory of the purchase • Set the ground-work for the U.S. claim to Oregon Territory.

10. 1804 - Corps of Discovery • The expedition headed west up the Missouri River in May 1804. Sacagawea, a Shoshone woman, acted as their guide. • Other Native Americans helped lead the group through a path in the Rocky Mountains. The explorers eventually traced the Columbia River to the Pacific Ocean. • Lewis and Clark provided a wealth of info about LA and gave the U.S. a claim to Oregon Territory.

11. Benefits of the LA Purchase • United States nearly doubled its land mass and became one of the world’s largest countries after the LA Purchase. • For $15 million, about 4 cents per acre, the U.S. got 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River. • Eventually all or parts of 13 new states of the U.S. were formed from the Louisiana Territory. The territory included vast tracts of fertile soil and other natural resources. • The Louisiana Purchase turned out to be a richer prize than anyone had imagined.

13. Manifest Destiny • With this new land, the majority of Americans were convinced that God had ordained them to settle from the East coast, to the West coast. This was called Manifest Destiny. • How do we know what is out there? • How do we know where to go, live, settle? • Who will lead? How will we get there? • The Corps of Discovery was to provide a wealth of new information for those eager to go west. • However,Native American life was about to forever change.

14. GO WEST!! • The federal government officially opened the land for settlement to anyone who was willing to go – The Homestead Act. • By the millions of acres, land was given away for free! • The only cost… • Sometimes your life. • Explain

15. How did White settlers affect American Indians? • Land? • Food Sources? • Natural Resources? • Others?

16. The Native Americans Begin to Suffer the White Man’s Wrath • Treaties begin to be written with the Indians on land deals. • Problem: The Indians – as a whole – shared land…there was no individual ownership. • Results: Broken treaties, deprivation of hunting grounds, and the eventual settlement of every Indian in America living on a reservation. • Predict future reactions of American Natives towards the invading “white man”?

17. Indian Removal Act 1830 • President Andrew Jackson signs the Indian Removal Act • Forces Native American tribes east of the Mississippi to move west of the Miss. • Trail of Tears • Five Civilized Tribes: Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek, Chickasaw

18. The Railroad! • Before the 1830’s most RR’s were from town-to-town…You could not travel very far. • Some were managed by different owners • You were made to change lines in each city • Transcontinental RR • Two lines: Union Pacific & Central Pacific • Met: Promontory Point, Utah • When: 1869 • Significance: …???

19. Farming The Plains

20. What are the Plains? • Characteristics of the plains… • How did the US acquire the Plains? • From who did we acquire the Plains? • What are some obstacles facing Plains settlers?

21. “Great American Desert” or Paradise?? • Railroads • Homestead Act (up to 160Acres/$10) easy land…just show something • New farming methods (dry farming=$$) • Inventions: steel plow, seed drills, reapers threshing machines

22. Agricultural Inventions • In 1837, on his own, John Deere designed the first cast steel plow that greatly assisted the Great Plains farmers. The large plows made for cutting the tough prairie ground were called "grasshopper plows." The plow was made of wrought iron and had a steel share that could cut through sticky soil without clogging. By 1855, John Deere's factory was selling over 10,000 steel plows a year.

23. Agricultural Inventions • Threshing machines • Designed for rapidly removing the husks from grain • Were such an advance that soon many farms had them. It should also be remembered that, in summer, the laborers were served beer, the only safe cool drink available, and each man would consume around six pints in a day in the hot weather. • Results of Alcohol and Machines???

24. Agriculture Revolution Crop Production Food on the Table Caloric Intake Healthier Parents (Women ***) Healthier Babies Decreases IMR Population …???

25. Mining • Settlement of mountain states in west: Think Manifest Destiny • News of a strike would cause a BOOM and a stampede of prospectors to a region - seeking wealth and riches • BOOM town go from little to a lot within a matter of hours…sometimes overnight • Comstock Lode -pure silver found in Colorado • Pikes Peak or Bust • 1849 California Gold Rush Singing Time!!!

26. All The Gold… (Chorus) All the gold in California Is in a bank in the middle of Beverly Hills in somebody else’s name So if you’re dreaming about California It don’t matter at all where you played before, California’s a brand new game Trying to be a hero, winding up a zero Can scar a man forever, right down to your soul Living on the spot light, can kill a man out right Cause everything that glitters is not gold

27. All The Gold… And all the gold in California Is in a bank in the middle of Beverly Hills in somebody else’s name So if you’re dreaming about California It don’t matter at all where you played before, California’s a brand new game (Repeat Chorus)

29. Ranching and Cattle Drives • Cattle ranches on Great American Desert? • How when there was little water and woozy cattle from the east couldn’t survive. • Mexicans introduced Longhorns in what is now SW USA. There were over 5 million in Texas by 1865. • Open Range -vast amts of land that was free for everyone to use • Cattle drives & Trails • Chisholm Trail to towns like Abilene, Dodge City and Sedalia: people in East were flippin’ hungry!!

30. Cattle drives & Trails - Chisholm Trail to towns like Abilene, Dodge City and Sedalia: people in East were flippin’ hungry • RANGE WARS and barbed wire (1000’s of acres) • After the Civil War RR’s began to come further and further West resulting in… • The end of the cattle boom… • Over production of cattle  Drop in price  Lower demand • Barbed wire  Closed range  Severe winter/drought of 1885-1886 • Railroads in the west  Cheaper transportation to the East

31. IAN