Combine Yield Monitors

1. Combine Yield Monitors

2. Current Yield Monitors • Mass-flow sensor • Volumetric-flow sensor • Conveyor belt load sensor • Trailer load sensor • Torque transducer

3. Basics of Yield Monitoring • Possible Crops to Monitor • Wheat and other grains • Cotton • Potato and Sugar Beets • Beans • Rice • Specialty Crops • Grapes, Tomatoes, Carrots, etc.

4. Impulse Yield Sensors Micro Trak John Deere Case Ag Leader

5. Impulse Flow Meter Force Vectors

6. Dynamincs of an Impulse Flow Meter

7. Non-Impulse Yield Sensors Nuclear - Massey Ferguson - Europe High Frequency Radio Waves New Holland - Not marketed

8. Capacitance Moisture Sensors Micro Track John Deere Ag Leader Case

9. Capacitance Moisture Sensors

10. Yield Mapping Trailer(Sugar Beet Harvest)

11. Yield Mapping Trailer • Measures change in weight in the trailer while allowing for comparison at different times. • Can be used for any crop that is loaded into a trailer continuously while harvested.

12. Sources of Yield Map Error • Unknown swath width • Time lag of grain through combine • GPS error • Multiple paths through combine • Surging of grain through combine • Grain losses • Sensor Calibration

13. Sources of Impulse Yield Sensor Error • Grain Moisture • Grain Test Weight • Grain Temperature • Grain Cultivar • Grain Species • Contamination • Dirt • Plant oils, sap, etc.

15. Effect of Lag Time on Combine Yield Measurements Crop Yield Along Swath Actual Grain Yield Yield t P t0 Yield Yield Monitor Measured Grain Yield P t

16. Smoothing Effect of the Straw Walkers

18. Yield Monitor 26.4 bu/ac Satellite Estimate 28.7 bu/ac Combine Yield Monitor and Satellite Estimated Wheat Yield Maps

19. Two Combines in the Field with only One Equipped with GPS Oklahoma Panhandle, 1997

20. Corn Yield Surface with Krieging Oklahoma Panhandle, 1997

21. Wheat Yield Under a Center Pivot Irrigation System Oklahoma Panhandle, 1998

22. Wheat Yield Under a Center Pivot Irrigation System Oklahoma Panhandle, 1997

23. Wheat Yield Under a Center Pivot Irrigation System Oklahoma Panhandle, 1997

24. Wheat Yield Under a Center Pivot Irrigation System Oklahoma Panhandle, 1998

26. Data Misaligned Because of the Lag in the Combine

27. Error Caused by the Lag in the Combine

28. Missing Data

29. Peanut Yield Monitor University of Georgia

30. AgLeader Cotton Yield Monitor Developed by John Wilkerson – University of Tennessee

31. 5 Class Krieg NDVI surface With lime streaking Yield Surface With Lime Streaking Courtesy of Tim Sharp Jackson State C.C.

32. Fertilizer Streaking 5 Class Krieg Spinner Applicator Yield Surface NDVI Surface Courtesy of Tim Sharp Jackson State C.C.

33. Major Challenge • Correlate NDVI surface data with yield surface data Courtesy of Tim Sharp Jackson State C.C.

34. Cotman Sample Points Low Medium High Courtesy of Tim Sharp Jackson State C.C.