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HINDUISM

HINDUISM. HINDUISM. Oldest and without a founder Most complex Many gods—literally millions Jainism and Buddhism 6 th century BCE spin-offs Religious “black hole”—absorbing everything Sikhism 15 th century CE spin-off. Harappa civilization. Pre-Aryan India.

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HINDUISM

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  1. HINDUISM

  2. HINDUISM • Oldest and without a founder • Most complex • Many gods—literally millions • Jainism and Buddhism 6th century BCE spin-offs • Religious “black hole”—absorbing everything • Sikhism 15th century CE spin-off

  3. Harappacivilization

  4. Pre-Aryan India • Vedic literature biased against native Indian religion • ½ million square mile—highly advanced civilization • ca. 2500 BCE • Equal to anything of the Roman period • Hinduism absorbed the Pre-Aryan into its beliefs (parallels Roman absorption of the Etruscan civilization)

  5. Entrance into a Harappa city

  6. Great bath

  7. well Well

  8. Drain in street

  9. Stupa View Stupa

  10. Granary ?

  11. Unicorn Seal

  12. Priest-King(note circle on forehead)

  13. gold disc

  14. Priest – King

  15. Mother and child

  16. a woman figurine

  17. spearing of a bull

  18. ARYAN “INVASION” • Absolutely no relationship to Hitler or the Nazis • Aryans=noble ones • Migrated from Iran and carried Zoroastrianism with them ca. 1750-1200 BCE • Varnas: • Brahmins—upper class, priests • Kshatriyas—military leaders and soldiers • Vaishyas—commoners • Shudras—servants/slaves

  19. ARYAN RELIGIOUS BELIEFS • Vedic literature—result of mingling of natives and the Aryans • Polytheism • Sacrifice • Vedas (most from 1500-400 BCE) • Upanishads—philosophy and karma (to do), samsara (to wander across), Law of Manu (religious finishing activity), protection of the cow

  20. HINDU SPINOFFS JAINISM • Both questioned sacrifice, rejected the Vedas (release for all from life’s cycle • Jainism—asceticism and ahimsa BUDDHISM • Many parallels • Less extreme • Searching for Enlightenment

  21. BHAGAVAD GITA • Indian version of Homer’s epic poem • Arjuna reflections upon war with Krishna • Pushes Hindu theology: • Stay and do well within your caste • Moksha through obeying laws, asceticism, etc. • Vishnu concerned for his people

  22. Brahma— “Trinity”

  23. Vishnu

  24. “Madonna and child” Krishna

  25. Lord Krishna

  26. Shiva

  27. Basic Beliefs of Hinduism • Reincarnation—working within caste system • Nirvana—getting off the cycle of life • Salvation (getting to Nirvana) is accomplished by works, knowledge, devotion • No real founder • Dharma—teachings of virtue • Not into converting believers • Yoga (to yoke with atman of Brahman) • Suttee—joining ones spouse

  28. Hinduism vs. Islam • Conflict over mono- vs. polytheisms • Picturing of god, etc. • Land—more than merely Kashmir • Use of cows for sacrifice • Equality issues vs. caste system • Sikhism—an attempt to mix and blend • Rise of fundamentalism in both faiths

  29. Gandhi in Africa

  30. For articles and photos of India, click on-- http://www.wolverton-mountain.com/travel/theworld/index.html And look for the Indian flag.

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