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Unit 8B: Motivation and Emotion: Emotions, Stress and Health. Lab #12: Motivation.
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Lab #12: Motivation “The initial expectation for the blue group was much lower than ours. After their initial expectation, their expectation skyrocketed to mirror something similar to our group’s expectations. I think this is because the blue group was told a lower average score from the pink group’s. If this is true, it would suggest that people tend to think of themselves as average at something they have never tried before, however, after trying it, they base their expectation on experience.”
Theories of emotions • Emotion • Physiological arousal • Expressive behavior • Conscious experience
Theories of emotions • James-Lange theory
Theories of emotions • James-Lange theory
Theories of emotions • James-Lange theory
Theories of emotions • Cannon-Bard theory
Theories of emotions • Cannon-Bard theory
Theories of emotions • Two-factor theory • Schachter-Singer
Theories of emotions • Two-factor theory • Schachter-Singer
Theories of emotions • Two-factor theory • Schachter-Singer
Emotions and the Autonomic Nervous System • Autonomic nervous system • Sympathetic nervous system • arousing • Parasympathetic nervous system • Calming • Moderate arousal is ideal
Physiological SimilaritiesAmong Specific Emotions • Different movie experiment
Physiological Differences Among Specific Emotions • Fear • More activity in amygdala • Less activity in thalamus • Prefrontal Cortex • Right= Disgust • Left = Joy • Nucleus Accumbens • pleasure
Cognition and EmotionCognition Can Define Emotion Doesn’t Always • Schachter-Singer experiment • Spill-Over Effect • Arousal fuels emotions, cognition channels it
Detecting Emotion • Nonverbal cues • Duchenne smile
The Effects of Facial Expressions • Facial feedback
Fear • Adaptive value of fear • The biology of fear • amygdala
Anger • Anger • Evoked by events • Catharsis • Expressing anger can increase anger
Happiness • Happiness • Feel-good, do-good phenomenon • Well-being
HappinessThe Short Life of Emotional Ups and Downs • Watson’s studies
HappinessTwo Psychological Phenomena: Adaptation and Comparison • Happiness and Prior Experience • Adaptation-level phenomenon • Happiness and others’ attainments • Relative deprivation
Introduction • Health psychology • Behavioral medicine
Stress and Illness • Stress • Stress appraisal
Stress and IllnessThe Stress Response System • Selye’s general adaptation syndrome (GAS) • Alarm • Resistance • exhaustion
Stress and IllnessStressful Life Events • Catastrophes • Significant life changes • Daily hassles
Stress and the Heart • Coronary heart disease • Type A versus Type B • Type A • Type B
Stress and Susceptibility to Disease • Psychophysiological illnesses • Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) • Lymphocytes • B lymphocytes • T lymphocytes • Stress and AIDS • Stress and Cancer