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Bee Barcoding (Bee-BOL) Campaign

Bee Barcoding (Bee-BOL) Campaign J. Gibbs, L. Packer, C. Sheffield York University. Bee-BOL: the campaign to barcode the bees of the world. Its beginning Its current status Example studies: A whole bee community A whole (nightmare) taxon iBOL and pollinators.

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Bee Barcoding (Bee-BOL) Campaign

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  1. Bee Barcoding (Bee-BOL) Campaign J. Gibbs, L. Packer, C. Sheffield York University

  2. Bee-BOL: the campaign to barcode the bees of the world. • Its beginning • Its current status • Example studies: • A whole bee community • A whole (nightmare) taxon • iBOL and pollinators. • How to barcode the bees of the world • How you can help

  3. May 12th – 14th 2008 12 – 14 Mayo, 2008 12 – 14 Maio, 2008 ２００８年　5月１２－１４日 Inaugural Meeting Reunión Inagural Reunião Inaugural 創立総会

  4. York 6 boxes – 516 specimens from 28 nations Ninety-six well DNA isolation protocols Hierarchy of primer decisions; including degenerate primer cocktails % success amplifying barcode sequence Methods

  5. BeeBol: 6 submitted plates: 423 sequences • 423/561 with some sequence (75%) • ~1200 sequencing reactions • 235 with >600 bp • 85 with < 400 bp • Taxonomic patterns • 6 families, 76 genera • Age patterns • 6 boxes • 297 P1 (LepF1/LepR1) • 215 P2 (LepF1/C_ANTMR1D) • 130 P3 (RonMWASPDeg_T1/LepR1) • 85 P3 (MLepF1/LepR1) • Folmer primers (not tried on these specimens) • 10 Wolbachia CO1 sequences that amplified with P1 • All produced insect CO1 with P2 and P3 • 3 mouse sequences • Taq contamination

  6. BeeBol – – within taxa comparisions Within species (as originally defined) Between sister species

  7. BeeBol– length / age

  8. The Bee-BOL website

  9. The Bee-BOL website • You will be able to find • All power point presentations or read texts from Toronto and Durban meetings • Meeting documents, including guidelines on how you can help • The world bee species list, with each species directly linked to its page on the discover life website • Images and Key to Andreninae • List of contributors, contact information, lists of projects etc. • www.bee-bol.org

  10. Bee Imaging Project Caupolicana fulvicollis Spinola Ctenocolletes smaragdinus (Smith)

  11. BEE STATS 6,752 Barcodes >1,542 Species Barcoded 452 Andrenidae 1,996 Apidae 638 Colletidae 2,838 Halictidae 912 Megachilidae 11 Melittidae 5 Stenotritidae

  12. A community-wide survey:the bees of Nova Scotia, Canada 2% Hylaeus affinis / modestus Hylaeus affinis / modestus Hylaeus basalis Hylaeus annulatus Hylaeus mesillae Hylaeus verticallis Colletes compactus Colletes inaequalis Colletes simulans Macropis nuda Perdita octomaculata Colletidae Sheffield et al. submitted to Molecular Ecology Resources

  13. Whole taxon studies

  14. Dialictus: DNA barcoding a nightmare taxon

  15. Revision of the Canadian and Eastern USA Dialictus fauna Describe all species in these regions (~100) New synonymies 20 so far Resurrections 4 so far New species 20 so far

  16. Typical DNA barcoding results • Clear agreement between morphology and molecules • Little variation within species across large geographical areas

  17. Hidden diversity Deep divergences within a ‘single’ species Erroneous synonymies Cryptic species

  18. L. tegulare species group Gibbs (submitted to Zootaxa)

  19. Unexpected results Different morphologies Same sequence! L. rohweri and L. callidum

  20. Bee-BOL Goals • Barcode all bee species (19231 + undescribed spp.) • Combination of regional studies and whole taxon studies • Gain specimens from collections • Focused collecting for rare species and under sampled localities • www.bee-bol.org

  21. www.dnabarcoding.org 10 specimens each from 500,000 species, within 5 years of activation We hope to barcode all bees for ~$5M.

  22. iBOL and pollinators BEE-BOL a major component Flower flies Other economically important groups Eg. Cacao midges

  23. High impact groups Meliponini • Xylocopa

  24. How you can help SPECIMENS! Coloured bowls for easy collecting

  25. Requirements and Benefits • Requirements • Specimens to be barcoded must: • Have full collection data • Have an associated image (we can take these) • At least one exemplar of each species must be kept in an institution that will be able to loan it if further morphological taxonomic study is needed • All materials can be returned to their country of origin • Benefits • Data • Identifications • Publications associated with release of full data sets • Training, workshop/conference attendance for students • BEE-BOL www.bee-bol.org

  26. PARTNERS IN FUNDING AND IN-KIND SUPPORT • FUNDING • The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada), Canada Research Chairs program, Ontario Foundation for Innovation and Genome Canada through the Ontario Genomics Institute to PDNH • Fonds québécois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies B3 postdoctoral fellowship to MAS. • CBOL – funded the May workshop • York University • Sujeevan Ratnasingham (BOLD) • Kate Crosby and Anibal Castillo (diligent, careful and enthusiastic lab work) • COLLABORATIONS • John Ascher and John Pickering and others that contributed to the bee species list on Discover Life • Sam Droege • All workshop attendees who submitted samples • Numerous collaborators throughout the world who have sent in samples

  27. MANY THANKS TO THE ORGANIZERS AND THANKS FOR LISTENING

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