Imperial China: Qin to Ming Dynasties

1. Imperial China: Qin to Ming Dynasties AP World History

3. Qin [Ch’in] Dynasty, 221-206 B.C.E. • Established China’s first empire  • Shi Huangdi (221-206 B.C.E) • Legalist rule  • Bureaucratic administration • Centralized control • Military expansion • Book burnings  targetedConfucianists • Buried protestors alive! • Built large section of the Great Wall

4. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army

5. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army

6. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Soldiers& Cavalrymen

7. Cavalry

8. Individual Soldiers

9. The Details of an Individual Soldier

10. Individual “Tombs”

11. The Great Wall with Towers

12. The Eastern terminus of the Great Wall, Shanhai Pass

14. Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.E.-220 C.E. • “People of the Han” original Chinese • Paper invented [105 B.C.E.]  • Silk Road trade develops; improves life for many • Buddhism introduced into China • Expanded into Central Asia

15. Han – Roman Empire Connection

16. Chang’anThe Han Capital

17. Liu Sheng Tomb (d. 113 BCE) His jade suit has 2498 pieces!

18. Emperor Wudi, 141-87 B.C.E. • Started public schools. • Colonized Manchuria, Korea, & Vietnam. • Civil service system  • bureaucrats • Confucian scholar-gentry • Revival of Chinese landscape painting.

19. Han Artifacts Imperial Seal Han Ceramic House

20. Ceramics, Later Han Period

21. Trade Routes of the Ancient World

22. Multi-Cultural Faces -- People Along the Silk Road

23. Ruins of Jiaohe, Turphan depression. Han dynasty outpost in Central Asia

25. Sui Dynasty, 581-618 C.E. • “Land Equalization” System  land redistribution. • Unified coinage. • Grand Canal constructed. • Established an army of professional soldiers. • People were overworked and overtaxed!

26. The Grand Canal

27. The Grand Canal Today

29. Tang Dynasty, 618-907 C.E. • Imperial examination system perfected. • Liberal attitude towards all religions. • Spread of Buddhism in China • Golden Age of foreign relations with other countries.  • Japan, Korea, Persia

30. Tang Government Organization

31. Tang Dynasty, 618-907 C.E. • New technologies: • Printing moveable print  • Porcelain • Gunpowder • Mechanical clocks • More cosmopolitan culture. • Reestablished the safety of the Silk Road. • Tea comes into China from Southeast Asia. 

32. Empress Wu Zetian, 624-705 • The only female Empress in China’s history who ruled alone.  • Searched for outstanding individuals to attract to her court. • Construction of new irrigation systems. • Buddhism was the favored statereligion. • Financed the building of many Buddhist temples. • BUT… She appointed cruel and sadistic ministers to seek out her enemies.

33. Foot-Binding in Tang China • Broken toes by 3 years of age. • Size 5 ½ shoe on the right

34. Foot-Binding in Tang China Mothers bound their daughters’ feet.

35. Foot-Binding in Tang China • For upper-class girls, it became a new custom.

36. The Results of Foot-Binding

38. Song [Sung] Dynasty, 960-1279 C.E. • Creation of an urban, merchant, middle class. • Increased emphasis on education & cheaper availability of printed books. • Magnetic compassmakes China a great sea power! 

39. Song Peasant Family

40. Rice Cultivation Began Under the Song

41. Song Rice Cultivation

43. Mongolian Steppes

44. Xinjiang Region – Typical Uygher [Mongol] “Yurt”

45. Mongol Invasions

46. Mongol Warriors

47. Mongol Archer

48. Gold Saddle Arch – Mongols, 13c

49. Gold Saddle, Front View – Mongols, 13c

50. The MONGOLS [“Golden Horde”] • Temujin --> Genghis Khan [“Universal Ruler”] • 1162 - 1227 • from the steppe [dry, grass-covered plains of Central Asia]