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6 KINGDOMS OF LIFE

6 KINGDOMS OF LIFE. Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes. Greek “ Karyose ” means kernel (like a kernel of grain). “nucleus”. “ nucleoid ”. “pro” means before Before a nucleus Smaller size Simple. “ eu ” means true Possessing a true nucleus Larger in size Complex. Autotroph vs. Heterotroph.

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6 KINGDOMS OF LIFE

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  1. 6 KINGDOMS OF LIFE

  2. Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes Greek “Karyose” means kernel (like a kernel of grain) “nucleus” “nucleoid” • “pro” means before • Before a nucleus • Smaller size • Simple • “eu” means true • Possessing a true nucleus • Larger in size • Complex

  3. Autotroph vs. Heterotroph Autotroph – makes its own energy source (ex. Plants use photosynthesis to make its own food for energy) Heterotroph – gets its energy from outside sources (ex. Animals eat plants and other animals to get energy)

  4. Kingdom I Archaebacteria • “Ancient bacteria” • Prokaryotes • Unicellular • Autotrophic or Heterotrophic • Examples: Methanogens (found in human gut), halophiles (found in high salt content like Great Salt Lake), thermophiles (found in hot springs) Methanobacteriumthermoautotrophicum short bacillus Methanococcusjanaschii

  5. Kingdom 2 Eubacteria • Prokaryote • Unicellular • Autotrophs or Heterotrophs • Different chemical make-up than Archaebacteria • Can live in extreme environments • Examples: Bacteria (spirochetes), Cyanobacteria (blue-green bacteria), Actinobacteria Actinobacteria found in the soil cyanobacteria E.coli

  6. Kingdom 3 Protista • Eukaryotes • Unicellular and multicellular • Heterotrophs and Autotrophs • Examples: amoeba, green algae, brown algae, diatoms, euglena, slime molds. • Oxygen is required • “protista” means the very first • any organism that is not an animal, plant, or fungus Animal-like protists called protozoa Plant-like protists called algae Fungus-like protists called slime molds and water molds Amoeba – animal-like Slime mold – fungus-like Euglena – plant-like

  7. Kingdom 4 Fungi (FUN jy) • Eukaryotes • Most are multicellular (yeast are unicellular) • Heterotrophs • Most found on land but few in water • Feed on dead or decaying organisms Molds Yeast Mushrooms mildew

  8. Kingdom 5 Plantae • Eukaryotes • Multicellular • Autotrophs • Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis • Their cells contain a cell wall made of cellulose • They are fixed in one place and don’t move Flowering plants hornwort fern Etc. conifers

  9. Kingdom 6 Animalia • Eukaryotes • Multicellular • Heterotrophs • Require Oxygen • Can sense and respond to their environment • Cells lack cell walls

  10. VIRUSES • Not an organism! • Does not belong to a Kingdom! • Microscopic • The average virus is about one one-hundredth the size of the average bacterium • A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms • most abundant type of biological entity • millions of different types

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