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High School Lesson 4A

High School Lesson 4A. STDs: What Teens Need To Know. Teens & Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). More than half of sexually active people will have an STD by age 24!. Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

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High School Lesson 4A

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  1. High School Lesson 4A STDs: What Teens Need To Know

  2. Teens & Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) More than half of sexually active people will have an STD by age 24!

  3. Sexually Transmitted Diseases . . . STDs are infections caused by viruses, bacteria, or protozoa and are spread by sexual activity. A viruscauses an infection that usually cannot be cured. Medicines can slow down the multiplication of the virus but do not kill them. Bacteria and protozoacause infections but can usually be killed with antibiotics.

  4. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Are You Aware of These FACTS?

  5. FACTS About STDs STDs are one of the most common types of infections in the U.S. today You can get an STD the first time you have sex Some STDs have no cure

  6. FACTS About STDs Most infected with an STD don’t know it Most people get an STD from someone who does not know they are infected

  7. FACTS About STDs STDs can cause serious HEALTH problems Cancer Death Pain Infertility

  8. FACTS About STDs STDs can cause EMOTIONAL problems Stress Depression Anxiety Relationship strain & disruption

  9. FACTS About STDs Teens are at greater risk of getting STDs It is easier to get HIV if you are already infected with another STD Many STDs can be transmitted to a baby during pregnancy or birth STDs cost billions of dollars

  10. STDs are spread by sexual activity. What issexual activity? Sexual Activityis any contact with genitals, buttocks, or breasts for the purpose of sexual stimulation. Sexually Transmitted Diseases . . .

  11. any contact includes… • Vaginal Sex - penis in vagina, usually called sexual intercourse • Oral Sex - oral (mouth) contact with genitals • Anal Sex - a man’s penis placed into the anus • Outercourse- genital-to-genital contact without penetration of the vagina by the penis

  12. Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Adolescents According to the CDC, adolescents are at higher risk for acquiring STDs than adults: multiple sexual partners high risk partners more susceptible to infection

  13. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Of all infections that are reported to the CDC, the most common types are STDs 18.9 million new cases of STDs per year Over 9 million STDs in 15 to 24 year olds

  14. STDs Can Involve the Entire Male Reproductive System Vas Deferens Prostate Gland Scrotum Penis Testicle Urethra

  15. STDs Can Involve the Entire Female Reproductive System

  16. Some Common STDs Are . . . Herpes HPV HIV Trichomonas Bacteria Protozoa Chlamydia Gonorrhea Syphilis Viruses

  17. Gonorrhea & Chlamydia • STDs caused by bacteria • Organisms • Neisseria gonorrhoeae • Chlamydia trachomatis • Location: vagina and cervix in women and the urethra (urine canal) in women and men

  18. Gonorrhea & Chlamydia • Most infected don’t know it & can pass it to other sexual partners • In males –infects urethra, can cause pus (yellow drips from penis), burning with urination • In females –infects cervix – could infect uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries causing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

  19. Are Gonorrhea & Chlamydia Serious Problems? Can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) – a severe infection of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries PID can lead to: infertility (can’t get pregnant) pregnancy in the fallopian tubes pelvic pain Easier to get HIV if infected with gonorrhea or chlamydia

  20. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Normal Infected Uterus Uterus Fallopian Tube Damaged Fallopian Tubes Ovary Cervix Can cause tubal pregnancy or infertility

  21. Treatment of Gonorrhea & Chlamydia Antibiotics by mouth or injection Sexual partners must also be treated If PID has developed, antibiotics cannot reverse the tissue damage caused by PID

  22. Can Gonorrhea & Chlamydia Be Prevented?Yes!! Condoms can reduce but do not entirely eliminate the risk of gonorrhea or chlamydia Abstinence is 100% effective

  23. If you don’t have sex, you don’t have to worry about getting gonorrhea or chlamydia!

  24. Syphilis STD caused by a bacteria Organism: Treponema pallidum Location: chancre (painless sore) usually on the genital area rash on the hands/feet and other areas of the body

  25. Syphilis Starts as a painless sore on the genitals If not treated, can spread and cause serious health problems to heart or nervous systems Can be transmitted to an unborn baby if the mother is infected Treated with antibiotics

  26. Is Syphilis a Serious Problem? • If not treated, infection can spread to brain, heart, spinal cord, eyes, and other areas • Can be spread to the baby during pregnancy causing severe brain and growth abnormalities • Genital sores of syphilis make it • easier to get HIV infection

  27. Can Syphilis be Prevented?Yes!! Condoms may reduce your risk of syphilis but they do not cover all the areas infected Abstinence is 100% effective

  28. If you don’t have sex, you don’t have to worry about getting syphilis!

  29. Trichomonas STD caused by a Protozoa Organism: Trichomonas vaginalis Location: -vagina and cervix in women -urethra in men and women

  30. Trichomonas Can cause a heavy discharge from the vagina Usually no symptoms in males Millions infected each year Treated with antibiotics

  31. Is Trichomonas Infection a Serious Problem? Females may have a frothy, yellow/green vaginal discharge with a foul odor In pregnant women, it can cause premature (early) delivery Increases the risk of getting HIV infection

  32. Can Trichomonas Infection be Prevented? Condoms can reduce but do not entirely eliminate the risk of trichomonas Abstinence is 100% effective

  33. If you don’t have sex, you don’t have to worry about getting trichomonas!

  34. Genital Herpes STD caused by a virus Organism: herpes simplex virus (HSV) Type I (HSV-1) Usually mouth/lips; also in genital area Type 2 (HSV-2) Usually genital area; also in the mouth Location: lives in the nerves in these areas

  35. Genital Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Can cause painful recurring blisters and sores on the genital area Most infected don’t even know it Most people get herpes from someone who has no sores or blisters and don’t even know they are infected NO CURE: INFECTED FOR LIFE!

  36. Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 (HSV-2) Usually lives in the genital area Most people who have herpes sores/blisters caused by HSV-2 will have them come back again and again HSV-2 is usually spread through genital sexual activity

  37. Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) HSV-1 commonly causes infection of the mouth and lips (“cold sores” or “fever blisters”) Can get HSV-1 of the mouth by coming into contact with the saliva (spit) of an infected person (ex. kissing) HSV-1 in the mouth can be spread to the genitals by oral sex

  38. Is Genital Herpes a Serious Problem? • Can cause recurrent painful genital sores • Frequently causes emotional distress • Can be transmitted to a baby during pregnancy or birth • If exposed to HIV, increased risk for acquiring HIV if you have genital herpes

  39. Can Genital Herpes Be Prevented?Yes!! Condoms can reduce your risk of getting genital herpes if used the right way every single time you have sex. A condom only protects the area of the body that it covers. Areas the condom doesn’t cover can become infected. Abstinence is 100% effective

  40. If you don’t have sex, you don’t have to worry about getting genital herpes!

  41. Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) STD caused by a virus Organism: human papillomavirus Location: skin of genital area • Penis • Scrotum • Anus • Vulva (labia) • Vagina • Cervix

  42. Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Can cause genital warts on the vulva, vagina, cervix, penis, scrotum, and anus Can cause cancer of the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus, penis, mouth, and throat Treated by freezing, burning, lasers, chemicals, and surgery

  43. How is Genital HPV Spread? Sexual activity, primarily vaginal & anal intercourse Can also be spread with outercourse (skin-to-skin contact) Usually get it from someone who does not have warts and does not know they are infected Can be spread from the genital area to the mouth/throat through oral sex

  44. Is Genital HPV a Serious Problem? Can cause warts on the genital area and in the mouth/throat Can lead to precancerous cells especially on the cervix (abnormal Pap smears) Can cause cancer of cervix, penis, labia (vulva), anus, mouth, and throat

  45. Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 2 vaccines are approved by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) to decrease your chances of contracting HPV Reduce the risk of warts and cancers caused by HPV Both approved for females, one for males

  46. Can Genital HPV Be Prevented?Yes!! Condoms can reduce your risk of getting genital HPV if used the right way every single time you have sex. A condom only protects the area of the body that it covers. Areas the condom doesn’t cover can become infected. Vaccines are available Abstinence is 100% effective

  47. If you don’t have sex, you don’t have to worry about getting genital HPV!

  48. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) The virus that causes

  49. HIV Infection/AIDS Virus that infects and attacks your immune system, specifically the CD4+ cells, causing AIDS Organism: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Location: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, and breast milk of those infected

  50. HIV vs. AIDS HIV Infection the virus is in the body may not know it because you feel fine can pass to others during sex AIDS the virus has attacked the immune system can become very sick (infection/cancer) can die

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