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NOT FOR ATTRIBUTION; FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY

NOT FOR ATTRIBUTION; FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY. Case Studies on Good Environmental Management: A Contribution to WB CEA. by Elmer Mercado,EnP 18-19 November 2008. Case Study Sites and Themes. Vigan City, Ilocos Sur – Air Quality Management (motorcycle engine conversion)

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NOT FOR ATTRIBUTION; FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY

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  1. NOT FOR ATTRIBUTION; FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY

  2. Case Studies on Good Environmental Management: A Contribution to WB CEA by Elmer Mercado,EnP 18-19 November 2008

  3. Case Study Sites and Themes • Vigan City, Ilocos Sur – Air Quality Management (motorcycle engine conversion) • Infanta, Quezon Province – Community Disaster Management, Rehabilitation and Recovery • Ubay, Bohol – Coastal Resource Management and Enforcement • Bayawan City, Negros Oriental – Sustainable Forest Management • Nabunturan, Compostela Valley – Upland Rehabilitation and Management

  4. Vigan City – Air Quality Mangement for Cultural Historical Preservation (1) Overview • UNESCO World Heritage Site • city vision to sustain cultural and historical legacy (physical, social, economic, cultural, and environmental) • 3,000 tricycles-for-hire • air and noise pollution from 2-stroke engine and other vehicles • core heritage zone and traditional industry areas – ‘burnayan’ and ‘agricultural areas’

  5. Vigan City – Air Quality Mangement for Cultural Historical Preservation (2) Local Initiatives • strong local ordinance – anti-muffler (2003) and phased implementation of engine conversion (2006)

  6. Vigan City – Air Quality Mangement for Cultural Historical Preservation (3) Complementary Initiatives: • urban regreening and establishment passive air quality filters/zones • pedestrianisation of “core heritage zone” and restrictions to vehicular movements in cultural zone during weekends • strong enforcement of environmental ordinances, hiring of environmental guards and deputation of senior citizens, youth and city hall employees as “environmental guardians and/or officers’’

  7. Vigan City – Air Quality Mangement for Cultural Historical Preservation (4) Results: • “significant reduction” in air pollution in poblacion area • 2/3 compliance within 18 months of implementation; full compliance Dec 2009 • regional and national recognition/ awards

  8. Infanta, Quezon – Community-based Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery (1) Overview • Infanta ‘wiped out’ and inundated from 4 typhoons in 2 week period in Nov-Dec 2004 • Typhoon ‘Winnie’ poured 342mm of rainwater in 24hrs - most in 50yrs

  9. Infanta, Quezon – Community-based Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery (2) Effects: • 176 casualties with (12 were recovered dead bodies, 53 missing persons) 12,000 households/families were left isolated • 16/36 barangays were severely damaged. • Almost 40% out of the 5,087 houses damage were totally damaged • Estimated PhP 103.3 million or US$ 2.29 million (at US$1=PhP45) worth of crops, livestock, fisheries/aquaculture products; • PhP 300 million or US$6.67 million of public infrastructures and utilities/facilities were destroyed

  10. Infanta, Quezon – Community-based Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery (3) Local initiatives • “Predict, Plan, Prepare and Practice “ – 4 P’s, YoYo • Mobilising the citizenry because disaster management is “everybody’s concern” - MDCCs, SCARRFC, SCPADS, etc • YoYo (“you are on your own”) – 24hr emergency response programme

  11. Infanta, Quezon – Community-based Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery (4) Results and Benefits •  Increases in local revenue collections PhP 7.939 million or US$ 176,422 (2004) to PhP 9.543 million or US$ 212,066 (2006). •  local tax collection (2006)= 41.19% (2005); > (2004) •  non-tax collection (2006)= 56% collection (2005); 30% (2004) • These tax-based revenue collections were generated mostly from real property taxes, business and sales taxes, and other local taxes while non-tax revenue includes local business and service fees, permits and licenses. •  IRA dependence

  12. Ubay, Bohol – Sustainable Coastal and Fishery Resource Management (1) Overview • overfishing in coastal waters; located in most concentrated fishing area (northern Bohol) in Bohol • part of Danajon double barrier reef; • almost half of barangays/population in coastal areas; 70% of population fishing as livelihood; • illegal and destructive methods, low fish catch, high poverty incidence

  13. Ubay, Bohol – Sustainable Coastal and Fishery Resource Management (2) Local Initiatives • Recruitment of capable personnel, regular budgetary support and establishment of a strong implementing structure • creation of coastal resource management office, coastal protection and enforcement unit (CPEU) • Establishing close coordination from within and with other LGUs and agencies. • inter-LGU coordination, formation of provincial CLEC • Participatory fishery governance at the municipal and barangay Level • barangay/municipal FARMCs • Local legislative policy framework and strong enforcement • no take areas, Municipal ICRM Plan; deputation of bantay dagat and fish wardens in all 19 coastal barangays

  14. Ubay, Bohol – Sustainable Coastal and Fishery Resource Management (3) Results: • PhP 2 million (inputs) = Php 10million (fisheries income); PhP 50-90million in over-all economic value • in monitored fish catch by manual gears andillegal and active gears •  in fish biomass (6-8%) of pelagic fishes in 3 MPAs •  in arrests of illegal fishers and  in collection of fines and fees (2007) by 180%.

  15. Bayawan City, Negros Oriental: Sustainable Forest Management (1) Overview • perennial flashfloods and inundation of vast agricultural lands – 67% of total land area of 70,000 hectares (largest in whole of Region 7); • 20,245 hectares forestlands, 70% “open access” • low revenue collection rate for agriculture; merely half of PhP 15 million in RPT collected

  16. Bayawan City, Negros Oriental: Sustainable Forest Management (2) Initiatives • Forest Land Use Plan; co-management arrangement with DENR • Establishment of regular FMU; FLUP implementation committee headed by Vice Mayor • 100% budget allocation for FLUP implementation • LGU issuance of tenurial instruments for forestland occupants, i.e. agroforestry management agreement • Link of FLUP with other LGU plans, i.e. CLUP, SWP, CRMP, Climate change mitigation plan

  17. Bayawan City, Negros Oriental: Sustainable Forest Management (3) Results • No immediate economic results yet (long-gestating) only 3-years implementation • Reduction in occurrence of flooding; shorter period of flood water recedence • 500 HH actual beneficiaries; 2k families by end of FLUP in 2010 • 134 km riverbank protection, 220 km forestline delineated, 14 km forest firelines established/maintained

  18. Nabunturan, Compostela Valley: Land Rehabilitation and Development (1) Overview • land degradation of upland areas (18/28 barangays); poor productivity and high poverty incidence among rural upland dwellers (PhP 13.8/annum), including IPs; • 70% of total land area is agricultural; 20% are uplands (30% slope+); 80% of population dependent on agriculture; • continuing insurgency • lack of tenure security; high incidence of flooding and landslides due to deforestaton, siltation and effects of mining operations

  19. Nabunturan, Compostela Valley: Land Rehabilitation and Development (2) Initiatives • land use based BDP; community-based support structures; barangay forest protection and livelihood enterprises • inter-agency and intra-LGU convergence team • budget support from municipal and provincial LGUs • strong local and community policy framework • deputation of barangay environment and natural resources officers (BENROs)

  20. Nabunturan, Compostela Valley: Land Rehabilitation and Development (3) Results • 60-80% increase in yields for all crops planted in SUD barangays; 30% reduction in farm production costs • increase revenue collections (in real property taxes) in SUD barangays; 100% by 2007 • 453 HH beneficiaries in 6 SUD barangays • triggered more external investments from other agencies • dynamic local governance system

  21. Success Factors • Strong political and development-oriented leadership • Community participation and partnership • Building strong implementation structure and networks of organisations • Need for sound science and research for good environmental management practice

  22. Lessons Learned • Environmental management is a long-term investment for future economic growth and productivity • Environmental management has to be linked to other local development plans and goals • Environmental management is a vehicle for good local governance

  23. Mabuhay!

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