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Plate Margins and Tectonic Interactions: Understanding Geological Forces

Explore the dynamics of plate tectonics, divergent, convergent, and transform margins, mantle convection, and their role in creating geological features through igneous rock formation, seismic activity, and basin formations.

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Plate Margins and Tectonic Interactions: Understanding Geological Forces

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  1. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)

  2. Mid Atlantic Ridge

  3. Mid Ocean Ridge System

  4. Sea Floor “Stripes” http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu/education/instructor/tectonics/polarity.html

  5. Convergent Margin

  6. Major Lithospheric Plates Source: NASA

  7. Plate Configuration of PNW

  8. Plate Margins • Divergent margins: spreading centers where new lithosphere (sea floor) is created • Convergent margins: plates are moving toward each other • Transform margins: plates move past one another without creating or destroying lithosphere

  9. Mantle Convection Source: University Montpellier

  10. Geothermal Gradient

  11. Rate of Plate Movement

  12. Plate Margins Source: USGS

  13. Juan de Fuca Ridge Source: GSC

  14. Plate Margins Source: USGS

  15. East African Rift

  16. Plate Margins Source: USGS

  17. Juan de Fuca Ridge Source: GSC

  18. Continental-Continental Convergence Source: USGS

  19. Himalayas Source: USGS

  20. Transform Margin

  21. Transform Faults Left-Lateral Right-Lateral

  22. Alpine Fault, New Zealand

  23. Volcanism and Plate Margins Source: Smithsonian

  24. Earthquakes and Plate Margins

  25. Plate Tectonics Control • Igneous rock types (type and location of volcanism) • Seismic activity (type and location of earthquakes) • Location of sedimentary basins • Location of uplifts or mountain ranges • Location of ocean basins

  26. Hawaii-Emperor seamount chain

  27. Interval Age (my) Distance (kms) Rate (cm/yr) 1 0.8 180 22.50 2 1.3 3 1.8 4 2.6 5 3.7 6 5.1 7 10.3 8 12 9 18.9 10 20.6 11 27.2 12 42.4 Table

  28. Chart

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