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The Writing Process

The Writing Process. (excerpt from Writing Workshop, April 2008). Idea. Idea. Proofed Draft. Final Draft. Bibliography. Bibliography. Research. Research. Outline. Outline. Draft. Draft. Revised Draft. Revised Draft.

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The Writing Process

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  1. The Writing Process (excerpt from Writing Workshop, April 2008)

  2. Idea Idea Proofed Draft Final Draft Bibliography Bibliography Research Research Outline Outline Draft Draft Revised Draft Revised Draft Writing is an interactive process of information gathering and analysis.

  3. Types of Essays

  4. An analytical paper breaks down an idea into its component parts and evaluates its validity or relevancy. An expository (explanatory) paper explains a subject, including details of setting and context. An argumentative paper makes a claim about a topic and justifies it using specific evidence. Make sure your style and structure match the expectations for the genre.

  5. Plagiarism • What is it? • How do I avoid it?

  6. Original Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 46-47. Incorrect – Plagiarized without citation Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes. Correct -- Paraphrase In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 46-47). Correct -- Summary Students should take just a few notes in direct quotation from sources to help minimize the amount of quoted material in a research paper (Lester 46-47). Correct -- Quote Direct quotations are frequently overused in research papers and should be limited to “only 10% of your final manuscript” (Lester 46-47). Plagiarism is a failure to properly acknowledge third-party references.

  7. Staying on Track

  8. R E V I S I O N E D I T I N G Organization Cohesion Progression Transition Style Citations Grammar Spelling Typos As your essay develops, shift your focus from big-picture revisions to detailed edits.

  9. Organizing Your Ideas (excerpt from Writing Workshop, April 2008) “I’m not a very good writer, but I’m an excellent rewriter. ~James Michener

  10. Data Analysis and Thesis Discovery are recursive processes Data Collection Revising means -visiting RE Data Analysis Theory / Thesis Discovery Rough Draft Revised Draft(s) Editing means polishing Final

  11. What sort of data processor are you?* * Of course, regardless of how you learn/process information, a good paper starts with good data collection. • Visual: flow charts, cluster-diagrams, clumping diagrams • Verbal: freewriting, discussing with peers, talking into tape recorder • Physical: overlaps with visual or verbal, stuff you can physically move around-- sticky notes, cards, whiteboarding, salt and pepper shakers

  12. How are Your Editing Skills? “If you come to a fork in the road, take it.” ~Yogi Berra

  13. Is this a complete sentence? • When you called me yesterday. • I went. • I like to read, and I’ve always wanted to do it professionally because it’s my favorite thing to do, but my family says there’s no money in it so I guess I’ll become a journalist. Fragment Complete Run on • Lie or Lay • She had been (laying, lying) in bed all morning. • The tired mother put her daughter down for a nap then (laid, lay) down too. • I should (lay, lie) down and close my eyes. lying lay lie • There, Their or They’re • (There, Their, They’re) frustrated with noisy neighbors. • (There, Their, They’re) are five students in class today. • (There, Their, They’re) car is in the shop until Monday. They’re There Their • Its and It’s • The dog forgot where (its, it’s) home was. • (Its, It’s) time for more grammar practice! its It’s

  14. Subject-Verb Agreement • Everyone (is, are) responsible for doing weekly chores. • The hurricanes ravaging our coast this season (is, are) more than just a hassle. • Everyone selected for this contest (has, have) to be willing to write. is are has • Spelling/Homonyms • I was afraid to (loose, lose) my favorite ring. • He found it hard to (accept, except) the changes in the program. • It is usually colder (then, than) this in December. • The mayor finally found a (cite, sight, site) for the new nursing school. • I’ve never known a classroom to be (quiet, quite, quit) this quiet. lose accept than site quite • Articles • I had hoped he’d bring (a, an, the) treat for us today. • Please hand me (a, an, the) correct roll sheet for today. • She tried to find (a, an, the) ear doctor who was open on Easter. a the an

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