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Backhoe Operator School

Backhoe Operator School. Objective. To give proper training to employees to maintain and operate equipment safely and efficiently. Test Your Knowledge. What do you already know. There’s a Standard Practice??. SP 8-16-05 BACKHOE AND FRONT END LOADER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

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Backhoe Operator School

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  1. Backhoe Operator School

  2. Objective • To give proper training to employees to maintain and operate equipment safely and efficiently

  3. Test Your Knowledge • What do you already know

  4. There’s a Standard Practice?? • SP 8-16-05 BACKHOE AND FRONT END LOADER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES • PURPOSE: This Standard Practice describes the operating procedure for the backhoe and front end loader. This Standard Practice will be followed by authorized personnel who are qualified to operate the backhoe and front end loader.

  5. SAFETY • Do not refuel any equipment while it is running • Must have minimum 10lb fire extinguisher onboard (smaller extinguisher) Vehicle Operation SP 8-16-01: • Vehicle Operator Responsibility: • Valid Driver’s License in possession • Be fit for duty… • Operate the vehicle in the manner for which it was designed. Avoid misuse or abuse of the vehicle. • Ensure the seat belt is good working order – must be worn while driving and also while operating (use a spotter). Seat belt should be replaced every 3 years (John Deere required) • Visually inspect the assigned vehicle daily at the start of each work shift for any apparent defects that may cause the vehicle to be in unsafe operating condition. (Operators Manual – Inspect machine daily before starting) • Maintain good vehicle housekeeping • Ensure that vehicle engines and electronic communications equipment are shut off when working in hazardous gas or vapor areas and when fueling vehicles. 10 lb

  6. VEHICLE OPERATION (SP 8-16-01) • Place a red flag on any load that extends over 24 inches beyond the front or rear of the vehicle. • Allow no one in/on the bed of a truck being loaded or unloaded with a crane or other loading device except for hooking, unhooking or guiding the load. Employees in the vicinity of overhead loads must wear hard hats. • Secure dock plates and block wheels when moving equipment on or off a truck. (loading and unloading from trailer) • Take extra precautions when getting into or out of a vehicle to avoid personal injury.

  7. VEHICLE OPERATION (SP 8-16-01) • Do not use headsets (for listening to music, conversations, etc.) while driving a vehicle on Company business. • Prior to pulling a trailer: • Carefully inspect tie-downs, hitch, safety locking device, safety chain and electrical / air connections; • Slightly lift trailer by lowering the landing gear to verify that the trailer is locked onto the ball/hook; • If trailer is equipped with brakes, set or activate the brake and pull against the trailer to verify that brakes are operational; • Ensure backhoe buckets are properly secured. • Ensure that rocks and other debris are removed so that they will not become dislodged during transport; and • If any faulty conditions are identified, place the trailer out-of-service until repaired.

  8. Vehicle Operation Cont… • Adhere to posted weight limitations for bridges, overpasses or roads, know height of vehicle and trailer • Questar Auto Accident Checklist - backhoes should have one

  9. VEHICLE OPERATION(8-16-01) • Safety Cones are required with a backhoe. Ensure to conduct a “Safety Circle Check” before departure.

  10. BACKHOE STANDARD (8-16-05)SAFETY… min 2 business days • Ensure a minimum of 10’ clearance between equipment & overhead lines (designate a spotter to observe clearance) • “BLUE STAKES” Call applicable One Call Center prior to excavation ( –UTAH) • Clear area of all unauthorized personnel • PPE- Ensure appropriate PPE is worn when working on or near a backhoe or mini-ex. Must have hard hat when stepping off of a backhoe or mini-ex • Avoid loose clothing that could become entangled in controls or equipment • Equipment is made for ONE person- Do not permit anyone on machine during operation or transport

  11. SAFETY… • Seat belt use is required while operating equipment • Do not operate any controls from any position except seated in operators seat with seat properly positioned • Avoid injury to personnel • Never start vehicle from outside the operators station • Never wire around or defeat neutral start switch • Before dismounting from a vehicle the operator must do the following: • Ensure backhoe controls are in Neutral • Never leave engine running while unattended. Shut engine off. • Do not dismount when backhoe or loader is in motion. • Apply the parking brake. • Put transmission in low gear. • Lower the loader & backhoe buckets to the ground (unless in transport position.)

  12. SAFETY…BOOM RADIUS TRAINING • Anytime a backhoe or other power equipment is being used to excavate a hole, individuals must stay back from the equipment while excavation is taking place. • Ensure bystanders do not stand under any loads or in the path of the swing radius. This will ensure the operator does not swing the bucket near or above any part of a bystander’s body. • Also, ensure when equipment is operating individuals are not in the hole near the area excavation is taking place.

  13. SAFETY…BOOM RADIUS TRAINING • Ensure all overloads including spoil pile, stored items, and vehicles are a minimum of 2 feet away from the edge of the excavation. Keep all vehicles and other equipment not necessary to perform the job away from the general excavation area when possible.

  14. PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS Personnel responsible for operating backhoe and front end loader will be familiar with the procedures and safety precautions outlined herein General Vehicle Operating Instructions • (Pre Start Inspection) • Check engine fluid before starting • Check operation of lights (signal) and emergency lights • It is recommended starting fluid is used at 32deg and below (yellow button on dash – push while engine is cranking) *New backhoes not equipped with button – Automatic*

  15. GENERAL VEHICLE OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS • Stop if unusual noise is heard or if equipment begins to act differently than normal • Before driving up steep hillside or incline, shift to low gear & have front bucket as low as possible

  16. Use caution when driving the backhoe near the edge of a trench, bank or excavation. Use an alternative route if possible • For Excavation and Backfill instructions, refer to SP 2-17-02

  17. EXCAVATION (SP 2-17-02) 4 feet 3 feet • Ensure a ladder, ramp or other safe means of egress is located in trench excavations or more in depth. Where a ladder is used, ensure that the ladder extends above the landing platform. Locate the ladder or other means of exit to ensure no more than of lateral travel is required to exit • Ensure all excavated material is placed at least from the edge of the excavation • When backhoe is used, have worker present to hand dig around utilities. Hand digging must occur on both sides of the marked utility. 25 feet 2 feet 24” (2’ safety zone)

  18. BACKFILLING (SP 2-17-02) • Ensure that proper protection is provided for any underground installations from excessive stresses or shearing action that might occur due to the settlement during or after backfilling • Ensure no foreign substance or refuse material of any kind will be contained in the backfill material • If backfill material is rocky or contains material which might damage the pipe or coatings, shade the pipe with at least of dirt or sand, which will include no rocks greater than in dia. 4 inches 1 inch

  19. BACKHOE OPERATION (SP 8-16-05) • Before starting engine, ensure all controls are in neutral position • Turn on key to start engine. During cold weather, allow engine to idle 15 minutes at ½ Throttle (approx. 1100 – 1200 RPM’s) • If oil pressure light or transmission oil temp light remain on, stop engine, find & correct problem • Move Forward-Neutral-Reverse (FNR) lever to NEUTRAL position • Turn seat to rear & lock in proper position for operation of backhoe • Set hand throttle control lever to desired engine speed • Make sure the area is clear before lowering the stabilizers or swinging the boom above or below ground level. Set both stabilizers

  20. BACKHOE OPERATION… • Unlock backhoe boom • Operate the backhoe for digging by using the dipper control, the bucket control, the boom control & the swing control • When operating the backhoe on an incline, dump the excavated materials on the uphill side whenever possible CAUTION: Digging under backhoe stabilizers may result in a cave-in • Where possible, avoid undermining stabilizers. Use extreme caution if required to undermine a portion of a backhoe stabilizer to prevent backhoe from falling into excavation • When parking for night or leaving tractor unattended, ensure boom locking pin is in place and stabilizers are lowered to the ground.

  21. FRONT END LOADER OPERATION • Lock backhoe boom • Turn seat to front and lock in position for operation of loader • Start engine as indicated in Section 7 • Operate loader with loader controls to carry the loader bucket as low as possible • Never carry the bucket at full height • Carry bucket low, especially when loading or backfilling with material in bucket

  22. OPERATION DURING ROAD TRAVEL • Lock backhoe boom full up with bucket pulled in to a full stop (transport) position • Check lights, windshield wiper and brakes for proper operation • Do not engage differential lock while rear wheels are turning • Drive the machine in reverse when moving onto a steep ramp • When transporting the backhoe, ensure the backhoe cylinders are retracted, the boom is centered, and the stabilizers are retracted to transport position and secure • When transporting the backhoe or front end loader, make use of safety equipment, such as the Slow Moving Vehicle (SMV) emblem or flashing lights. Use these safety devices at the work site as well.

  23. OPERATION DURING ROAD TRAVEL • Position front end loader bucket about 2 feet above the ground to allow clear vision of the road • Lock brake pedals together before traveling at high speeds • Do not shift to a low range while operating at high speed • Adjust travel speed to work site or highway conditions • Steer with both hands • Reduce speed before turning corners • Keep the transmission in low gear when going down steep hills or inclines. Never coast with the transmission in neutral

  24. SHUT DOWN OF VEHICLE • Place all hydraulic controlled equipment in a rest position with backhoe and loader resting on the ground for construction site parking or with the boom raised full up and locked with the bucket pulled into a full stop position • Apply the parking brake • Place FNR lever in NEUTRAL position • Let engine idle 1 – 3 minutes at 1/3 throttle • Shut engine off • Remove key

  25. MAINTENANCE • Maintain good housekeeping on vehicle • Keep windows clean • Be sure the operator's area is free of oil, loose objects, or ice • Before operation take time to clean out the operator's area as required • Visually inspect the machine for leaks and broken, missing, or malfunctioning parts • Visually inspect tires for proper inflation and check lug nuts to see that they are tight (for tires sizes Questar Operations uses, Operators Manual suggests 28 PSI REAR, 60 PSI FRONT) 28 psi 60psi

  26. MAINTENANCE • Check lubrication oil, hydraulic fluid levels and fan belts periodically • Lubricate vehicle every 10 hoursof operation 10 HOURS

  27. MAINTENANCE… • Become familiar with location of all grease fittings. If all fitting locations are not known, refer to manufacturer’s operating instruction manual (backhoe also has diagram on side of engine compartment & in tool box) • Drain water from fuel water trap, especially in cold weather (LET THE GARAGE PERFORM THIS STEP) • Ensure symptoms or problems are properly communicated to Garage personnel, when equipment repairs are required • A new backhoe Price Tag - $110,000 (Tree Repair - $30,000)

  28. EQUIPMENT TRANSPORT • Transport of wheeled or track equipment using an appropriately rated trailer • Ensure parking brake is set on the equipment or machinery. Equipment or machinery need to be blocked and/or braced prior to transit NOTE: Tie-downs shall be provided for all four vehicle corners and for each bucket or articulating arm • Restrain wheeled or tracked equipment against lateral, forward, rearward or vertical movement during transit • Restrain articulating arms on vehicles in a manner that prevents movement during transit

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