Earth as a System Ocean Science

1. Earth as a SystemOcean Science

2. IMPROVEMENTS • Also need more questions/info on albedo • Oceans, albedo of oceans vs. ice • More information on spheres interacting • More explicit thing where we trace energy from sources…maybe a worksheet. • Article where students identify changes in spheres and interactions…about earthquake or something • Talk about how your body is made of what you eat…get equations for making fats & stuff, and where in your body is phosphorous? Pertains to cycles • More about formation of Earth & layers of Earth (Earth’s interior), maybe magnetic field!! That energy is cool  • Video/more information on nuclear fusion • Use Newton's cradle, dominoes, other things where energy transfers to show energy transfer

3. IMPROVEMENTS • Hole in ozone not = global warming • Bring in a teapot! • Suns heat doesn’t reach Earth • Nebular theory different than big bang • Earth is not hot inside because of lava! (there’s lav) • Does sun keep core hot? • Chocolate chip cookie is misleading as it leads kids to think Earth is all molten inside • Sun isn’t “burning” • More on explaining how wind is created by sun • More examples of stuff? • Nuclear fusion DOESN’T occur inside Earth! • Include the cycles on the quiz (seasons is next for weather sci)

4. Closure • What are the 3 rules of this classroom? • What will students do at the beginning of class tomorrow?

5. Bell Ringer 1/22/14 – 4 min Get a sheet of notebook paper and format it as seen to the left of this screen. C.S. = COMPLETE SENTENCE • List the 3 classroom rules in their entirety. • Write at least one question about oceans or water that you would like to have answered in this class. (c.s.)

6. Today you are going to… receive books & notebooks review the class website listen as I explain the course content, policies, & procedures So you can… understand what’s expected of you in this class have the materials needed for the class You’ll know you’ve got it when you can follow the procedures have a notebook & book can access the website

7. Closure • What should you do when absent? • What should you do when the bell rings? • What is your homework?

8. Bell Ringer 1/23/14 – 4 minutes ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ON THE SAME SHEET OF PAPER AS YOU USED FOR YESTERDAY’S BELL WORK. SHOW WORK & INCLUDE UNITS! • Where can you find the work you missed when you return from being absent? • The distance from Pittsburgh PA to Miamiis about 1,890 km. How many miles is this? (1 km = 0.62 miles) • If one drove at a constant rate of 50.0 mi/hr, how many hours would it take to get there?

9. 2. The distance from Pittsburgh PA to Miami is about 1,890 km. How many miles is this? (1 km = 0.62 miles) 3. If one drove at a constant rate of 50.0 mi/hr, how many hours would it take to get there?

10. Today you are going to… turn in syllabus look over all of our ocean questions do a couple practice problems complete the Earth as a System Reading Guide So you can… better appreciate the size/scale of Earth identify the parts of the Earth system & how they interact convert from km to mi You’ll know you’ve got it when you can answer the questions on the reading guide

11. Closure • List & describe the 4 spheres. • What is your homework? When is it due?

12. Bell Work 1/24/14 – 2 min REMEMBER C.S. = COMPLETE SENTENCE. • Define matter in your own words. (c.s.) • Define energy in your own words. (c.s.)

13. Schedule • Friday • Notes & demo • Monday • Notes & worksheet • Monday • Quiz • Identify types of energy • Define matter & energy & give examples of each • List the waves of electromagnetic radiation in order • List 3 sources of Earth’s energy • Identify which powers things • Define albedo & estimate albedo of surfaces • Explain how sun shines

14. Today you are going to… Take notes on matter & energy So you can… • explain where Earth’s energy comes from and see how energy flows through the Earth system. You’ll know you’ve got it when you can • Answer the questions at the end of class

15. Matter • Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space • Made of Atoms (+ protons, - electrons, neutrons) • 4 states • solid liquid gas plasma • Ex?

16. Air! • Air…matter? • Does it take up space? • Does it have mass? • Wind!

17. Energy • Energy - 3 definitions…pick one • the ability to do work • the ability to make something happen • the ability to make matter take action • If there were no energy, nothing would ever happen. • Examples? • Rabbits mate in very unusual, eXpensive gardens

18. Types of Energy • Electromagnetic Waves • Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-ray, Gamma • Chemical Potential Energy • Energy stored in chemical bonds, Organic material, food, things you burn • Nuclear Potential Energy • Electrical Energy • Mechanical Energy • Kinetic Energy • Things moving • heat & sound are a type of K.E. (magnets & string!) • Mechanical Potential Energy • Elastic potential • Gravitational potential

19. Energy is Everywhere!

20. Energy Transfer • Matter & energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but they can change forms. • Energy is constantly being transformed. • Look for types of energy & energy transformation in the following video. • Ok Go video

21. Energy Transfer • Newton’s Cradle

22. Power Plants • Power plants convert energy into electricity, usually by turning turbines. • When a magnet moves past a wire, electron flows through the wire (electricity). • A turbine is like a big fan that’s turned by the steam. It’s attached to a wheel with magnets on it. • Coal Power Plant Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SeXG8K5_UvU • Only power plant w/out turbines: solar power • Where does our electricity come from? • Magnet & Flashlight! • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gSjL8FOZVeU • http://www.mechanicalengineeringblog.com/tag/wind-up-flashlight/

23. Do turbines make energy? • What causes them to spin?

24. Closure • Define matter in your own words. • Define energy in your own words. • What is the matter & energy in: • A moving car on a bridge • The computer • Lightning

25. Know It All Electricity is often cheaper at night, so that’s when you should do your laundry!

26. Bell Work 1/24/14 – 2 min REMEMBER C.S. = COMPLETE SENTENCE. • Define matter in your own words. (c.s.) • Define energy in your own words. (c.s.)

27. Bell Ringer 8/27/13 Anyone got a $5 I can borrow? (demo)

28. Schedule • Today • Notes & demo & whacky Wednesday video • Friday • Notes & worksheet • Monday • Quiz • Identify types of energy • Define matter & energy & give examples of each • List the waves of electromagnetic radiation in order • List 3 sources of Earth’s energy • Identify which powers things • Define albedo & estimate albedo of surfaces • Explain how sun shines

29. Today you are going to… Take notes on matter & energy So you can… • explain where Earth’s energy comes from and see how energy flows through the Earth system. You’ll know you’ve got it when you can • Answer the questions at the end of class

30. Energy • Does energy ever seem to disappear?

31. Conservation of Matter & Energy • Matter & energy cannot be created nor destroyed, though they can change forms.

32. Types of Energy • Electromagnetic Waves • Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-ray, Gamma • Chemical Potential Energy • Energy stored in chemical bonds, Organic material, food, things you burn • Nuclear Potential Energy • Electrical Energy • Mechanical Energy • Kinetic Energy • Things moving • heat & sound are a type of K.E. • Potential Energy • Elastic potential • Gravitational potential

33. Lyco Demo • List matter and energy • Follow conversion of energy

34. Bell Ringer 9/3/13 • Write 5 complete sentences about your weekend or science. (capital letter, period at end) • Identify at least 5 things that are matter & 4 types of energy in the following demo.

35. Schedule 1st pd • Tuesday • Notes & demo • Wednesday • Review questions & do wkst • Thursday • Quiz • Review reading guide • Friday • Sphere interaction • Monday • Poster project • Tuesday • Poster project • Wednesday • Test

36. Objectives • SWBAT identify Earth’s 3 energy sources • SWBAT explain why/how the sun shines • SWBAT explain the origin of geothermal energy • SWBAT define albedo and predict the relative albedo of surfaces • SWBAT trace energy’s path as it travels through the Earth system

37. Earth’s 3 Main Energy Sources • Solar Energy (Sun) • Geothermal Energy (Earth’s Interior Heat) • Tidal Energy (Moon’s motion around Earth)

38. Solar Energy • 99.985 % of Earth’s energy enters as solar energy. • Source of energy for almost all living things.

39. Solar Energy • Where does the sun’s energy come from? • A process called “nuclear fusion” • hydrogen atoms are fused together to make helium

40. Nuclear Fusion • Extreme heat & pressure in center of sun pushes hydrogen atoms together • Hydrogen atoms combine to form helium atoms & energy This is matter turning into energy (electromagnetic waves)! 600 lbs of H  596 lbs of He + energy! • After a million years or so, the energy reaches the surface of the sun • From there, the energy takes about 8 minutes to reach Earth’s surface.

41. Nuclear Fusion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pusKlK1L5To

42. Albedo • Percentage of sun’s energy reflected by an area • Albedo comes from a Latin word meaning “white”

43. Albedo • Forest have an albedo of about 5 to 10 %. • They reflect about 5-10% of the sunlight they receive.

44. Deserts - 30% albedo • They reflect about 30% of the sun’s energy.

45. Oceans – 6% albedo They reflect about 6% of the sun’s energy.

46. Sea Ice – 50-70% albedo It reflects 50 to 70% of the sun’s energy.

47. Snow fields – 80 - 90% albedo They reflect 80 to 90% of the sun’s energy.

48. Geothermal Energy • The thermal (heat) energy inside of Earth • 0.013% of Earth’s energy

49. Geothermal Energy • Causes tectonic plates to move, making earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, and mountains • Creates geysers.

50. Geothermal Energy • Source of energy for a few types of organism on Earth! (deep in oceans) • Chemosynthetic bacteria, tube worms, spider crabs, mussels • May be where life began!