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5-Paragraph Essay Outline

5-Paragraph Essay Outline. Paragraph 1: Introduction Hook Background Information Thesis Paragraph 2: Body paragraph about part 1 of thesis Topic sentence Textual evidence Explanation/Analysis Transitional conclusion sentence. Paragraph 3: Body paragraph about part 2 of thesis

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5-Paragraph Essay Outline

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  1. 5-Paragraph Essay Outline

  2. Paragraph 1: Introduction • Hook • Background Information • Thesis • Paragraph 2: Body paragraph about part 1 of thesis • Topic sentence • Textual evidence • Explanation/Analysis • Transitional conclusion sentence

  3. Paragraph 3: Body paragraph about part 2 of thesis • Topic sentence • Textual evidence • Explanation/Analysis • Transitional conclusion sentence • Paragraph 4: Body paragraph about part 3 of thesis • Topic sentence • Textual evidence • Explanation/Analysis • Transitional conclusion sentence

  4. Paragraph 5: Conclusion • Restate thesis • Summarize evidence and body paragraphs • Conclusion sentence

  5. Essay Do’s and Don’t’s: DO: • Use clean, concise language • Let your thesis guide your essay and ALWAYS refer back to it • Vary your sentence structure DON’T: • Use 1st or 2nd person (I/We/You) • State your opinion • Use the phrases, “And this is why…” or “I’m going to tell you about…”

  6. Introduction Paragraph

  7. Paragraph 1: Introduction • Paragraph 2: Body paragraph about part 1 of thesis • Paragraph 3: Body paragraph about part 2 of thesis • Paragraph 4: Body paragraph about part 3 of thesis • Paragraph 5: Conclusion

  8. Parts of an Introduction Paragraph • Hook • Background information • Thesis

  9. Hook • 1-3 sentences • Draws your reader in/makes him or her want to read more • Examples of hooks could be… • …an interesting fact (that must be cited!) • The Metamorphosis, Franz Kafka’s commentary on social isolation, was influenced by his tragic life (kafka-online.info). • …a thought-provoking question: • How does social isolation affect society? • …a simile/metaphor: • Gregor Samsa is like a shadow of a person.

  10. Examples of Bad Hooks • Today, I am going to talk to you about The Metamorphosis. • Uses 1st person • States the obvious • The Metamorphosis is an interesting book. • Gives an opinion • Everyone who has read The Metamorphosis understands Kafka’s commentary on social isolation. • Generalization • Can’t be proven true

  11. Background Information • 4-5 sentences • Gives the reader any information he/she would need on the topic in order to understand the rest of the essay • Watch out for repetition • May summarize the text or provide researched information • MUST BE CITED

  12. Thesis • Opinion: something that anyone can disagree with and can’t be proven; DON’T USE THIS IN AN ESSAY • Stance: something that anyone can disagree with, but CAN be proven • Formula for a thesis (1-2 sentences): 1 stance + 3 facts • The 3 facts will be the topics for your body paragraphs • Fact #1: topic for 1st body paragraph • Fact #2: topic for 2nd body paragraph • Fact #3: topic for 3rd body paragraph Supports your answer Answers the prompt

  13. Good and Bad Thesis Examples Good: • The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of Gregor, Grete, and the father. • (STANCE) The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. (FACTS and BODY PARAGRAPH TOPICS) This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. Bad: • In this essay, I will show you how The Metamorphosis is a commentary on societal isolation. • Uses 1st person • Doesn’t contain 3 facts • The Metamorphosis is a commentary one social isolation and this is shown through the actions of Gregor, Grete, and the father and is also seen in how his mother reacts. • Run-on sentence • Has too many facts

  14. Thesis examples: • Prompt: What is the overall message of ”The Coming of the King”? Utilize textual evidence to support your thesis. • Based on the prompt, determine whether each thesis below is good or bad. Be sure to explain your answer.

  15. The message found in “The Coming of the King” is that positive change can benefit everyone. This is shown in the story when the children clean the playground and meet the King. • Bad; has 1 stance, but only 2 facts • The message found in “The Coming of the King” is that positive change can benefit everyone. This is shown in the story when the children clean the playground, meet the King, and decide to share. • Good; has 1 stance and 3 facts

  16. The message found in “The Coming of the King” is that change it good. • Bad; has a good stance, but no facts to back it up • The message found in “The Coming of the King” is that changing for God is never a bad thing. This is shown in the story through everyone’s happiness. • Good; has a good stance, but the fact is very vague and needs to be 3 facts you can discuss in the essay

  17. Introduction Paragraph Example • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? • Example: How does social isolation affect society? The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka illustrates the dangers of social isolation. Gregor Samsa does not have any meaningful relationships with anyone. One morning, he wakes up to discover that he has turned into a bug. Initially, his family members’ reactions range from compassionate to disgusted. By the end of the novella, the increased dehumanization leads to their hatred of Gregor and his eventual death (Kafka). The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of Gregor, Grete, and the father.

  18. Introduction Paragraph Example • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? • Example: Hook, BackgroundInformation, Thesis How does social isolation affect society? The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka illustrates the dangers of social isolation. Gregor Samsa does not have any meaningful relationships with anyone. One morning, he wakes up to discover that he has turned into a bug. Initially, his family members’ reactions range from compassionate to disgusted. By the end of the novella, the increased dehumanization leads to their hatred of Gregor and his eventual death (Kafka). The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of Gregor, Grete, and the father.

  19. Plagiarism and Paraphrasing

  20. What is plagiarism? • If you have included the words or ideas of others in your work that you neglected to cite—whether on purpose or by accident—you have plagiarized. • Intentional plagiarism: • Copying a friend’s work • Buying or borrowing papers • Cutting and pasting blocks of text from electronic sources without documenting • Media “borrowing” without documentation • Unintentional plagiarism: • Careless paraphrasing • Poor documentation • Failure to use your own “voice”

  21. What is paraphrasing? • Paraphrasing is putting an author’s words into your own words • The meaning of the passage CANNOT change; if so, you are NOT paraphrasing • Paraphrasing isn’t a summary, because it usually focuses on a single main idea

  22. Tricks to Paraphrasing: The 4 R’s • Reword – replace words and phrases with synonyms whenever you can. • Rearrange – rearrange words within sentences to make new sentences. You can even rearrange the ideas presented within the paragraph. • Realize that some words and phrases cannot be changed – names, dates, titles etc. cannot be replaced, but you can present them differently in your paraphrase. • Recheck – make sure that your paraphrase conveys the same meaning as the original text.

  23. How to Paraphrase: Step-by-Step • Read the passage thoroughly • Read the passage again • Keep rereading the passage until you understand its full meaning • Identify the key points of the passage • Set the passage aside • In your own words, restate the meaning of the passage • Look at the original passage and compare

  24. Example: Original: “At just 8.5 square miles, the Pacific island country of Nauru is one of the smallest countries in the world. The island was once rich in phosphate, but most of the resource has been mined leaving damage to the environment behind. Nauru has a population of about 10,000 people” (geography.com) Paraphrase: Nauru is a Pacific island country that is only 8.5 square miles in area. It is one of the smallest countries on the planet and only about 10,000 people live there. Nauru has mined its once plentiful supplies of phosphate. This has damaged the environment on the island.

  25. Let’s Practice: Original: “In 1849, the majority of people in the United States lived east of the Mississippi River. The states with the most people were New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Virginia. After gold was discovered, people headed west hoping to get rich. The rumor was that gold was easy to find in California, but it might not last forever” (geography.com). Remember the steps: • Read the passage thoroughly • Read the passage again • Keep rereading the passage until you understand its full meaning • Identify the key points of the passage • Set the passage aside • In your own words, restate the meaning of the passage • Look at the original passage and compare

  26. Body Paragraphs

  27. Paragraph 1: Introduction • Paragraph 2: Body paragraph about part 1 of thesis • Paragraph 3: Body paragraph about part 2 of thesis • Paragraph 4: Body paragraph about part 3 of thesis • Paragraph 5: Conclusion

  28. Parts of a Body Paragraph • Topic sentence • Textual evidence • Explanation/analysis • Transitional conclusion sentence

  29. Topic Sentence • Pulled from thesis • Introduces what the body paragraph will be about • Example: • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? • Intro. Paragraph: How does social isolation affect society? The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka illustrates the dangers of social isolation. Gregor Samsa does not have any meaningful relationships with anyone. One morning, he wakes up to discover that he has turned into a bug. Initially, his family members’ reactions range from compassionate to disgusted. By the end of the novella, the increased dehumanization leads to their hatred of Gregor and his eventual death (Kafka). The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of Gregor, Grete, and the father.

  30. Topic Sentence • Pulled from thesis • Introduces what the body paragraph will be about • Example: • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? • Intro. Paragraph: How does social isolation affect society? The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka illustrates the dangers of social isolation. Gregor Samsa does not have any meaningful relationships with anyone. One morning, he wakes up to discover that he has turned into a bug. Initially, his family members’ reactions range from compassionate to disgusted. By the end of the novella, the increased dehumanization leads to their hatred of Gregor and his eventual death (Kafka).The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. 1st body paragraph topic sentence: Gregor’s own actions exemplify the dangers of seclusion.

  31. Textual Evidence • Pulled from the story or text • 1-3ish sentences • 3 ways to write textual evidence: • Direct quote: “Oh God, he thought, what a demanding job I’ve chosen! Day in, day out on the road… I have to deal with the problems of traveling, the worries about train connections, irregular bad food, temporary and constantly changing human relationships which never come from the heart” (1). • Paraphrase: Travel issues, poor nutrition, and a lack of social interactions are just some of the negative things Gregor has to deal with for his career (1). • Combination: After Gregor thinks, “Oh God…what a demanding job I’ve chosen!”, he lists the negative things he has to deal with for his career. These include travel issues, poor nutrition, and a lack of social interactions (1). • Introduce the evidence if necessary: He realizes his frustrations when reflecting on his job.Travel issues, poor nutrition, and a lack of social interactions are just some of the negative things Gregor has to deal with for his career (1).

  32. Textual Evidence • How to cite textual evidence: • If working with one source or text, just put the page number in parenthesis: “Oh God, he thought, what a demanding job I’ve chosen! Day in, day out on the road… I have to deal with the problems of traveling, the worries about train connections, irregular bad food, temporary and constantly changing human relationships which never come from the heart” (1). • If working with more than one source, put the author’s last name and the page number: “Oh God, he thought, what a demanding job I’ve chosen! Day in, day out on the road… I have to deal with the problems of traveling, the worries about train connections, irregular bad food, temporary and constantly changing human relationships which never come from the heart” (Kafka 1). • Put the parenthetical citation after ALL of your evidence (not after every sentence)

  33. Explanation/Analysis • Explains how your textual evidence supports your topic sentence • 4+ sentences • Your own ORIGINAL ideas • Do not say things like, “I think…”, “As you can see…”, “This supports my topic sentence because…” • EXAMPLE: Thesis:The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. • Topic sentence: Gregor’s own actions exemplify the dangers of seclusion. • Textual evidence: He realizes his frustrations when reflecting on his job. Travel issues, poor nutrition, and a lack of social interactions are just some of the negative things Gregor has to deal with for his career (1). • Explanation/Analysis: All of these have a negative effect on his life. Gregor acknowledges that his career was a choice. Because of this, he feels that he has voluntarily fostered his social isolation. As a bug, he contemplates how all of this has led to his meaningless life. Gregor’s conclusion adds to the overall message of the novel: lack of human connections can be harmful.

  34. Transitional Conclusion Sentence • Completes your paragraph • Helps one body paragraph flow into the next • EXAMPLE: Thesis:The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. • Topic sentence: Gregor’s own actions exemplify the dangers of seclusion. • Textual evidence: He realizes his frustrations when reflecting on his job. Travel issues, poor nutrition, and a lack of social interactions are just some of the negative things Gregor has to deal with for his career (1). • Explanation/Analysis: All of these have a negative effect on his life. Gregor acknowledges that his career was a choice. Because of this, he feels that he has voluntarily fostered his social isolation. As a bug, he contemplates how all of this has led to his meaningless life. Gregor’s conclusion adds to the overall message of the novel: lack of human connections can be harmful. • Conclusion sentence: Not only does Gregor suffer in his job, but at home, as well.

  35. Body Paragraph Example • Thesis:The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? • Topic sentence,textual evidence, explanation/analysis, transitional conclusion sentence Gregor’s own actions exemplify the dangers of seclusion.He realizes his frustrations when reflecting on his job. Travel issues, poor nutrition, and a lack of social interactions are just some of the negative things Gregor has to deal with for his career (1). All of these have a negative effect on his life. Gregor acknowledges that his career was a choice. Because of this, he feels that he has voluntarily fostered his social isolation. As a bug, he contemplates how all of this has led to his meaningless life. Gregor’s conclusion adds to the overall message of the novel: lack of human connections can be harmful.Not only does Gregor suffer in his job, but at home, as well.

  36. Conclusion Paragraph

  37. Parts of a Conclusion Paragraph • Restate thesis • Summarize body paragraphs • Conclusion sentence

  38. Restate Thesis • Paraphrase original thesis • Original thesis: The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of Gregor, Grete, and the father. • Paraphrased thesis: Gregor, Grete, and the father help to further the theme of The Metamorphosis.

  39. Summarize Body Paragraphs • Each body paragraph gets summarized in one sentence (so 3 sentences total). • Example: Gregor’s choices led to his isolation. While Grete’s actions were initially borne of compassion, she eventually ignored and despised Gregor. His father disliked him all along.

  40. Summarize Body Paragraphs • Each body paragraph gets summarized in one sentence (so 3 sentences total). • Example: Gregor’s choices led to his isolation. While Grete’s actions were initially borne of compassion, she eventually ignored and despised Gregor. His father disliked him all along.

  41. Conclusion sentence • Summarizes the whole message of your essay • Don’t be repetitive • Bad examples: • And this is how The Metamorphosis talks about social isolation. • I hope you enjoyed reading my essay. • The message of social isolation found in The Metamorphosis is one the world can learn from. • Good example: Kafka’s message of social isolation is supported through all of the characters’ choices.

  42. Conclusion Paragraph Example • Thesis:The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? Gregor, Grete, and the father help to further the theme of The Metamorphosis. Gregor’s choices led to his isolation. While Grete’s actions were initially borne of compassion, she eventually ignored and despised Gregor. His father disliked him all along. Kafka’s message of social isolation is supported through all of the characters’ choices.

  43. Conclusion Paragraph Example • Thesis:The Metamorphosis is a commentary on social isolation. This is shown through the actions of (1) Gregor, (2) Grete, and (3) the father. • Prompt: Is The Metamorphosis a commentary on social isolation? • Restate thesis,summarize body paragraphs, conclusion sentence Gregor, Grete, and the father help to further the theme of The Metamorphosis.Gregor’s choices led to his isolation. While Grete’s actions were initially borne of compassion, she eventually ignored and despised Gregor. His father disliked him all along. Kafka’s message of social isolation is supported through all of the characters’ choices.

  44. MLA Works Cited Page • Goes on its own page • Title (Works Cited) is centered • Still Times New Roman Font, size 12, double-spaced • First line is not indented • Every line after that is indented Works Cited Richards, Laura E. “The Coming of the King”. Plough.com. https://www.plough.com/en/ topics/culture/shortstories/eas ter-stories/the-coming-of-the- king. Accessed 25 September 2019.

  45. Things to check for when you revise: • General: • Do you use 1st or 2nd person? • Do you give your opinion at any point during the essay? • Do you use the phrases, “And this shows…” or “This essay is about…”? • Spelling/grammar/punctuation • Intro. paragraph: • Is your background information cited? (Richards). • Does your thesis answer the prompt? (The message of “The Coming of the King” is…) • Body paragraphs: • Does your topic sentence tie back to one of the facts in your thesis? • Is ALL of your textual evidence (direct quote/paraphrase/combination) cited correctly? (1). • Does your conclusion sentence help you transition into the next paragraph? • Conclusion paragraph: • Are you repetitive? • Do you introduced any new information? If so, change it.

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