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Intro to Health Science

Intro to Health Science. Infection Control and Bioterrorism. Microorganism. Small living organism Found everywhere, including the human body Many are normal to have Nonpathogens Some cause disease/infection Pathogens/germs. Microorganism.

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Intro to Health Science

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  1. Intro to Health Science Infection Control and Bioterrorism

  2. Microorganism • Small living organism • Found everywhere, including the human body • Many are normal to have • Nonpathogens • Some cause disease/infection • Pathogens/germs

  3. Microorganism • Some nonpathogens can become pathogens if they spread to other parts of the body • E. coli is in your large intestine but if it enters the urinary system is causes infection

  4. Factors required for growth • Warm environment • Darkness • Many are killed quickly by sunlight • Source of food and moisture • Need for oxygen varies • Aerobic need it • Anaerobic do not

  5. Think about it… • The human body is ideal for all of the conditions… YUCK!

  6. Antibiotics • Kill bacteria • Some strains are resistant • MRSA

  7. Viral diseases healthcare workers should be cautious of: • Hepatitis B • Transmitted by blood and body secretions • Affects liver • Vaccine available • Healthcare workers MUST get it for free from employer

  8. Viral diseases healthcare workers should be cautious of: • Hepatitis C • Transmitted by blood and body secretions • Cause serious liver damage • Not vaccine • Can remain active for several days in dried blood

  9. Viral diseases healthcare workers should be cautious of: • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) • Caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) • Suppresses immune system • No cure and no vaccine • PREVENTION IS KEY!!!

  10. Diseases and Infections • Endogenous • Infection/disease originates in the body • Exogenous • Infection/disease originates outside the body • Nosocomial • Acquired in a healthcare facility • Opportunistic • Occur when immune system is suppressed

  11. Levels of aseptic control • Antisepsis: prevent/inhibit growth of pathogenic organisms but not effective against spores and viruses • Disinfection: kills pathogenic organisms and some spores and viruses • Sterilization: destroys all microorganisms

  12. Bioterrorism • Use of microorganisms as weapons to infect humans, animals, or plants • 1346: Tartar army threw bodies of dead plague victims over walls of Caffa and caused an epidemic • 1763: British army gave Native Americans blankets and handkerchiefs infected with smallpox • Germans used it in WWI • Japanese did experiments on POW in WWII • US, Canada, SU, and GB developed plans of attack in 1960’s • Release of sarin gas in Tokyo in 1995 • Anthrax mail attack in US 2001

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