1 / 18

Rotavirus: advocacy slides

Rotavirus: advocacy slides. These slides are intended to support your advocacy efforts. Please incorporate those that may be useful to you in your presentations. For questions, please contact jen.farber@gmmb.com .

magnar
Download Presentation

Rotavirus: advocacy slides

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Rotavirus: advocacy slides These slides are intended to support your advocacy efforts. Please incorporate those that may be useful to you in your presentations. For questions, please contact jen.farber@gmmb.com. Special thanks to the ROTA Council’s Partners: Johns Hopkins University, PATH, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for their technical guidance and expertise in developing these slides.

  2. Diarrhea

  3. Diarrhea: global problem • Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in children under age 5, responsible for nearly 800,000 deaths1 • It’s common. More than 1.7 billion cases occur annually in children under 51 • It can cause severe dehydration and lead to hospitalizationor death1 • Diarrhea has lasting repercussions for children2 • Major contributing factor to malnutrition • Leads to growth delays • Children are 8.5 more times likely to die from any cause after an episode 1WHO Diarrheal Disease Factsheet 2013 2Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), Kotloff, Lancet, May 2013

  4. Diarrhea: a leading cause of child death Diarrhea causes 10% of deaths in children under 5 ~800,000 child deaths attributed to diarrhea Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group; Liu, Lancet, 2012

  5. Diarrhea: devastating impact Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), Kotloff, Lancet, May 2013

  6. Diarrhea: causes are clear • Rotavirus is 1 of 4 pathogens causing the majority of moderate-to-severe diarrhea in children under age 5 • Rotavirus is the #1 cause of diarrhea in infants (0-11 months) GEMS, Kotloff, Lancet, May 2013

  7. Diarrhea: hospitalizations in children Rotavirus the leading cause of hospitalizations for diarrhea in children Rotavirus causes ~40% of all diarrhea hospitalizations in children under 5 Parashar, Emerging Infections Diseases, 2006 Parashar, EID, 2003

  8. Rotavirus

  9. Rotavirus: common and severe 1WHO Rotavirus Position Paper, 2013 2Ansari, Rev Infect Dis, 1991 • Most common cause of severe diarrhea among children1 • Highly contagious and resilient2 • Improvements in hygiene, sanitation and drinking water do not adequately prevent rotavirus1 • Almost every child is infectedby age 5, rich or poor, regardless of where they live1 • Most infections occur in very young children1

  10. Rotavirus: treatment and prevention Without access to treatment for the severe dehydration it can cause, rotavirus can be a death sentence ORT coverage is only in ~30% of places where the most diarrhea deaths occur1 1 Santosham, Lancet, 2010 Rotavirus cannot be treated with antibiotics or other drugs Prompt treatment with oral rehydration therapy (ORT) can be effective in treating mild infections Many of the world’s poorest children do not have access to ORT, despite the fact that it is effective and inexpensive Rotavirus prevention by vaccination is key to improving child survival

  11. Rotavirus: deadly Tate, Lancet, 2011

  12. Estimated global rotavirus deaths, 2008 Total deaths = 453,000

  13. Rotavirus deaths: top 10 countries Five countries (India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia and Pakistan) accounted for more than half of all rotavirus deaths in children under age five in 2008 WHO. Estimated rotavirus deaths for children under 5 years of age in 2008

  14. 14 Rotavirus: devastating burden Responsible for millions of hospitalizations andclinic visits annually Accounts for approximately 40% of all diarrhea-related hospitalizations Parashar, Emerging Infections Diseases, 2006 Parashar, EID, 2003 Sample photo provided by Johns Hopkins University/IVAC, you can also include your own

  15. References • Ansari SA, SpringthorpeVS, Sattar SA. Survival and vehicular spread of human rotaviruses: possible relation to seasonality of outbreaks. Reviews of infectious diseases. 1991; 13(3): 448-61. • Atherly D, Lewis K, Tate J et al. Projected health and economic impact of rotavirus vaccination in GAVI-eligible • countries: 2011–2030. Vaccine. 30S (2012) A7– A14. • ArmahG, Sow S, Breiman R, et al. Efficacy of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in sub-Saharan Africa: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet. 2010;376(9741):606-614. • Buttery JP, Lambert SB, Grimwood K, et al. Reduction in rotavirus-associated acute gastroenteritis following introduction of rotavirus vaccine into Australia’s National Childhood vaccine schedule. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2011;30(suppl 1):S25–S29. • Buttery JP, Danchin MH, Lee KJ, Carlin JB, McIntyre PB, Elliott EJ, et al. Intussusception following rotavirus vaccine administration: post-marketing surveillance in the National Immunization Program in Australia. Vaccine. 2011;29(16):3061-3066. • CDC. Rotavirus vaccines and intussusception in the Vaccien Safety Datalink (VSD). http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/slides-jun-2013/02-Rotavirus-Weintraub.pdf. Published 2013. Accessed 29 July 2013. • CorteseMM, Tate JE, Simonsen L, Edelman L, Parashar UD. Reduction in gastroenteritis in United States children and correlation with early rotavirus vaccine uptake from national medical claims databases. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2010;29:489–494.

  16. References • do Carmo GM, Yen C, Cortes J, Siqueira AA, de Oliveira WK, Cortez-Escalante JJ, et al. Decline in diarrhea mortality and admissions after routine childhood rotavirus immunization in Brazil: a time-series analysis. PLoS Medicine. 2011;8(4):e1001024. • FDA. Risk of intussusception after rotavirus vaccination: results of a PRISM study. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/slides-jun-2013/04-Rotavirus-Yih.pdf. Published 2013. Accessed 29 July 2013. • Haber P, Patel M, Izurieta HS, Baggs J, Gargiullo P, Weintraub E, Cortese M, Braun MM, Belongia EA, Miller E, Ball R, Iskander J, Parashar UD. Postlicensure monitoring of intussusception after RotaTeq vaccination in the United States, February 1, 2006, to September 25, 2007. Pediatrics; 2008:121(6):1206-12. • Kotloff KL, Nataro JP, Blackwelder WC, Nasrin D, Farag TH, Panchalingam S, et al. Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study. Lancet. 2013. • Liu L, Johnson HL, Cousens S, Perin J, Scott S, Lawn JE, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000. Lancet. 2012; 379(9832): 2151-61. • Madhi S, Cunliffe N, Steele D et al. Effect of human rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea in African infants. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2010;362(4):289-298. • Parashar U, Hummelman E, Bresee J, et al.Global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease in children. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2003 May; 9(5):565–572.

  17. References • ParasharUD, Gibson CJ, Bresse JS, et al. Rotavirus and severe childhood diarrhea. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2006;12:304–306. • Patel MM, Glass R, Desai R, Tate J, ParasharUD. Fulfilling the promise of rotavirus vaccines: how far have we come since licensure? Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12; 561-70 • Patel M, Richardson V, et al. Intussusception risk and health benefits of rotavirus vaccination in Mexico and Brazil. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2011;364(24):2283- 2292. • Patel MM, Patzi M, Pastor D, Nina A, Roca Y, Alvarez L, et al. Effectiveness of monovalent rotavirus vaccine in Bolivia: case-control study. BMJ. 2013;346:f3726 • Patel MM, Santosham M, Tate, J. Preventing Rotavirus Disease in the Developing World: Issues, Opportunities, and Challenges. Medscape, December 2012. http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/776009 • Richardson V, Hernandez-Pichardo J, Quintanar-Solares M, et al. Effect of rotavirus vaccination on death from childhood diarrhea in Mexico. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2010;362(4):299–305. • RheingansRD, Antil L, Dreibelbis R, et al. Economic costs of rotavirus gastroenteritis and cost-effectiveness of vaccination in developing countries. JID 2009;200 (Supplement 1):S16–S27. • Ruiz-Palacios GM, Perez-Schael I, Velazquez FR, Abate H, Breuer T, Clemens SC, et al. Safety and efficacy of an attenuated vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. N Engl J Med. 2006; 354(1): 11-22. • Santosham M, Chandran A, Fitzwater S, et al. Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease. The Lancet. 2010; 376: 63–67. • ShuiIM, Baggs J, Patel M, ParasharUD, Rett M, BelongiaEA, HambidgeSJ, GlanzJM, Klein NP, Weintraub E. Risk of intussusception following administration of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in US infants. JAMA; 2012: 307(6):598-604.

  18. References • Soares-Weiser K, Maclehose H, Bergman H, Ben-Aharon I, Nagpal S, Goldberg E, Pitan F, Cunliffe N. Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.; 2012:11:CD008521. • Steele AD, Neuzil KM, Cunliffe NA, Madhi SA, Bos P, Ngwira B, et al. Human rotavirus vaccine Rotarix provides protection against diverse circulating rotavirus strains in African infants: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Infect Dis. 2012; 12: 213. • Tate JE, Burton AH, Boschi-Pinto C, Steele D, et al. 2008 estimate of worldwide rotavirus-associated mortality in children younger than 5 years before the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination programmes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. Published online October 25, 2011. • VesikariT, Matson DO, Dennehy P, Van Damme P, Santosham M, Rodriguez Z, et al. Safety and efficacy of a pentavalent human-bovine (WC3) reassortant rotavirus vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2006; 354(1): 23-33. • WHO. Diarrhoeal disease. 2009 [cited 2011 September 28]; Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/index.html • WHO. Meeting of the immunization Strategic Advisory Group of Experts, April 2009 – conclusions and recommendations. Weekly Epidemiological Record. 2009; 84(23):232-236. • WHO. Rotavirus vaccines: WHO position paper – January 2013. WklyEpidemiol Rec. 2009; 88(50): 49-64. • WHO: Rotavirus vaccine update 2012. Available from: http://www.sabin.org/sites/sabin.org/files/Fatima%20Serhan.pdf • WHO. Estimated rotavirus deaths for children under 5 years of age. Available from: http://www.who.int/immunization_monitoring/burden/rotavirus_estimates/en/ • ZamanK, Dang DA, Victor J, et al. Efficacy of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developing countries in Asia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet. 2010;376(9741):615-623.

More Related