Bellwork - Day 1

1. Bellwork- Day 1 Have SLATE, MARKER, & ERASER on DESK! • We have all seen objects where their purpose or function is unknown to us. In most cases you can use prior knowledge about something similar to figure out what the unknown object is or does. • Take a look at this object. 1. Write down what you think it could be based on its parts. 2. When you are done, think about a time in your own life where making good observations had a significant outcome. Be ready to share. 1

2. Science is: • Science is the concerted human effort to understand, or to understand better, the history of the natural world and how the natural world works, with observable physical evidence as the basis of that understanding

3. Objective for today • You will be able to make accurate observations using basic lab tools.

4. 1. Observations Observations can be qualitative (characteristics) or quantitative (numbers) -DO use senses or sense words (tastes like, feels, etc) -DO NOT use thinking, guessing, or predicting words -DO NOT use opinion words. -CAN use a tool/measurement (microscope, telescope, etc)

5. Observation example After a large spicy meal: -burning feel in chest -acid taste in mouth -stomach pains -smell of food is “re-visited”

6. Your turn- using your slates • Write an O on your slate if something is an observation, and NO if it is not • 1. The mouse weighed 12 grams • 2. The fish is angry • 3. The tumor was more dense than the other tissue • 4. The coyote made the rabbit flee • 5. The sun will rise tomorrow X X X

7. Pill Bug Observations • You will be observing pill bugs today in the lab. • With a partner, write down in your note-taker tools you could use to observe your pill bugs as well as ways you could ETHICALLY observe behaviors.

8. Look at the picture. In 12 words or less explain why this picture is a NON-example of good observations.

9. Bellwork (Day 2)Pass out Notebooks during BW! Read the absent & makeup work policy on the back of the syllabus (share with your neighbor if they don’t have theirs). • After reading- why is attendance so important? • Who is responsible for getting makeup work? • When you are finished- write down as many science fair experiments as you can think of (think about ones you saw at the junior high or high school science fair)

10. Objective and Purpose • Develop an appropriate problem statement Purpose: In order to begin an experiment you must be able to select an appropriate question and ensure that it is testable.

11. Day 2: Problem Statement • This is the question you want to answer • It must be in the form of a question.

12. Problem statement example • Which antacid form will dissolve the fastest? Broken Solid Versus

13. Your Turn • Based on observations you have made about the school or the classroom, form three problem statements. • Example- Does time of day effect the temperature in the classroom?

14. Go to the lab and observe your pill bugs • Generate up to10 questions about the pill bugs and add them to your notetaker. • You will do an experiment to answer one question next week!

15. Problem statements must be testable T.E.R.M.= • Treatment- What is being changed in one or more of your set-ups? • Ethical- Are all organisms/participants being treated in a an appropriate manner? • Repeatable- Could you do the test multiple times? • Measurable- Can you collect data?

16. Group practice- thumbs up if it passes TERM and thumbs down if not

17. At what height will someone fall and break a bone? • unethical • Will the volcano erupt? • Not repeatable and no treatment • Do plants grow better with or without fertilizer? • YES!! • Is the fish happy? • Not measurable • How long is the fish? • No treatment

18. Think back to your pill bug questions… • Identify the questions that meet T.E.R.M. Star those questions

19. Closure • As a group, fill out the TERM sheet for ONE question • Raise hand & get approval stamp from Ms. D • After stamp: whole group should copy the question into the closure space on your notetaker & turn the purple sheet in to front. **After your group finishes, please read the “STUDENT EXPECTATIONS” & “CLASS CALENDAR” section in your green syllabus.

20. Bellwork (Day 3) Pass out Slates & Notebooks during BW! 1. These statements have words in them that do not belong in observations. Re-write these statements and turn them into good observations: A. The yellow paper made the pill bug move B. The pill bug is really long C. The pill bug is smelly D. The pill bugs like to clump together 2. What is the treatment for this question: “How does the temperature of water affect the distance a pill travels?” 3. How can you measure pill bug “movement” or “behavior”? Be specific…what tools do you need & what units/numbers will you record?

21. Improve Question & finish 20+ observations in lab (10 mins) Treatment: Be specific, describe each set-up you will have (need 3+ set-ups). Ethical: Tell me what precautions you need to take to make sure the pill bugs are not harmed Repeatable: How many trials will you do for each set up? (need 5+ for most experiments) Measurable: Tell me which tools & units you will use to measure When finished: Go to lab to add to observations

22. Objective • Formulate a testable hypothesis

23. Purpose It is VERY important to practice how to make a proper hypothesis that will be tested using the scientific method. The purpose of scientific experiments is to test your hypothesis. Experiments are also fun (GO SCIENCE GO)

24. Day 3. HYPOTHESIS • Prior knowledge, research, & observations are all used to form a hypothesis • We will use an If…Then….as measured by…….statement

25. Hypothesis- antacid example • If the crumbled and solid tablets are placed in water at the same time, then the crumbled antacid will dissolve the most quickly as measured by the length of time bubbling occurs.

26. Hypothesis Practice Tractable Question: Which form of antacid will dissolve faster? Good Hypothesis Checklist 1. What condition is being tested? (IV) 2. What results are expected? (your prediction) 3. With what tool and units will these results be measured? (DV)

27. Hypothesis- underline your example • If the crumbled and solid tablets are placed in water at the same time • If the crumbled and solid tablets are placed in water at the same time, then the crumbled antacid will dissolve the most quickly • If the crumbled and solid tablets are placed in water at the same time, then the crumbled antacid will dissolve the most quickly as measured by the length of time bubbling occurs.

28. On your slate • Write your own hypothesis about which department (science or math) would win in a dodge ball game. Then circle the three parts

29. Try it: Look at the problem question your group had approved • Make a hypothesis using the if…then…as measured by format. Write it on your notetaker.

30. Closure If a new student joined your lab group on Monday, you would need to help them get caught up on scientific method quickly. Write a short note explaining what we’ve learned about scientific method so far. (Look back through your notetaker)

31. Bellwork (Day 4) Pass out Slates & Notebooks during BW! • Please read the handout on Sow Bugs. DO NOT WRITE ON IT. • Please write 5-10 bullet point notes summarizing what you learned about sow bugs

32. Objective and Purpose • Objective: Identify independent variables, dependent variables, and a control group in the design of an experiment. • Purpose: An experiment that does not have controls or isolated variables is meaningless because you don’t know what is causing your outcomes.

33. Experiment • Test your Hypothesis by isolating one variable and holding the rest constant • Identify your Dependent and Independent Variables. • List your procedures.

34. Variables • Independent- The one the scientist manipulates (What is different in each set up) • Dependent- The one the scientist measures in response to the change

35. Remember this problem: • Which antacid form will dissolve the fastest? Broken Solid Versus

36. Antacid experiment • Which variable is different in each set up? (independent) • Which variable will I measure at the end or throughout the experiment? (Dependent) • What is the same in each set up? (Constants)

37. With your partner: think-pair share • If you want to see which fertilizer works best for growing tomato plants, what would be your independent variable and dependent variable?

38. On your slate Identify the Independent variable, dependent variable and 2 constants in the following experiment: • To find the best fertilizer Emma takes two 5 month old tomato plants and keeps them in the same size pots outside on her porch. She gives them 5 grams of fertilizer each week. One plant gets Miracle Grow and one gets Mighty Plant. At the end of three months she measures the height of each plant.

39. In your experiment with the pill bugs • Determine your independent variable and dependent variable & write on your note taker.

40. The control group • In experimentation, group of subjects or conditions that is matched as closely as possible with experimental group, but is not exposed to any experimental treatment. A control group is used as a standard, to detect and measure changes that may occur in the experimental group due to experimental treatment.

41. What could be the control group? • To find the best fertilizer Emma takes two 5 month old tomato plants and keeps them in the same size pots outside on her porch. She gives them 5 grams of fertilizer each week. One plant gets Miracle Grow and one gets Mighty Plant. At the end of three months she measures the height of the each plant.

42. In your experiment with the pill bugs • Determine a control group & record it on your note taker.

43. Procedures • This is the detailed numbered list of steps that other people could use to replicateyour experiment • On your slate, write out the steps to brushing your teeth

44. Switch slates • If you had never brushed your teeth before, would you be able to do so if you followed these steps exactly? They must be detailed!

45. Develop detailed steps for your pill bug experiment & write 1 group rough draft (choose recorder). Get approval stamp when done! After approval everyone copies procedures onto notetaker

46. Closure- on back of purple half sheet • Write out a list of materials you need for the pill bug experiment (include amounts!) • Decide who is bringing what & put their names next to each material • If you need something from Ms. D ask ASAP! • Turn into front basket!

47. Bellwork (Day 5) • Please read the “GRADING” section of your syllabus & answer the Qs below: • Which examples of being responsible are you best at? Give an example of how you do this. • Which example of being responsible to you need to work on the most? Explain how you will work on it this year. • If a mistake is made in the grade book, what MUST you show Ms. D for a grade change? • What % of your grade are labs, projects, & assignments worth? • What % of your grade are tests/quizzes worth?

48. Data Table- add on upper right hand corner of notetaker Day 5 • Must include IV & DV • Well organized • Multiple trials! Add qualitative observations in closure spot for Day 5

49. Check with Ms. D to head to lab after:1. Everyone in group has the APPROVED procedures copied into notetaker2. Everyone in group has the same data table written in their notetaker

50. Bellwork #2- Do in the empty spot • Which job do you have and what should you focus on with that job today? (see board) • What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative observations? • How many qualitative observations do you think are a good amount for a one-hour(ish) lab? • If you finish more than 30 minutes early- what would be a good thing to do in the lab? • What is the dismissal procedure for when you are done with the lab?