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The Egyptian Empire

Explore the turbulent history of the Egyptian Empire from the Middle Kingdom to the New Kingdom, including power struggles, conquests, trade, and religious reforms. Learn about pharaohs, slavery, and the eventual decline and fall of this once-mighty civilization.

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The Egyptian Empire

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  1. The Egyptian Empire

  2. The Middle Kingdom • About 2300 BC, the pharaohs lost control of Egypt as nobles battled for power.  • 200 years of confusion followed.

  3. The Middle Kingdom • Finally, a new dynasty of pharaohs came to power. • They moved the capital to a city called Thebes.  • There they restored order  and stability  • Ushered in the Middle Kingdom (2050 BC to 1670 BC)

  4. The Drive for More Land • During the Middle Kingdom, Egypt took control of new lands • Conquered peoples sent tribute to the Egyptian pharaoh enriching the kingdom.  • forced payments

  5. The middle Kingdom came to an end in 1670. people known as the Hyksos, from Western Asia, attacked Egypt  Mighty warriors.  They ruled Egypt for about 150 years Who Were the Hyksos?

  6. Ahmose's reign began a period known as the New Kingdom.  Egypt became even richer and more powerful during this time About 1473 BC, a queen named Hatshepsut came to power in Egypt.  The New Kingdom

  7. The New Kingdom • After her husband died, Hatshepsut made herself pharaoh. • She was one of the few women to rule Egypt

  8. Hatshepsut was more interested in trade than conquest.  She promoted the trade journeys Incense was one of the popular goods traded at this time A material burned for its pleasant smell.  These trade journeys brought even greater wealth to Egypt  The New Kingdom

  9. When Hatshepsut died, her nephew Thutmose III became pharaoh Thutmose's empire grew rich from trade and tribute Expanding the Empire 

  10. Egyptian Slavery  • Egypt enslaved many prisoners of war during this time.  • Slavery had not been widespread in Egypt  before  • During the new Kingdom however, it became common.

  11. Amenhotep created a new religion in hopes of taking power away from the priests He then changed his name to Akhenaton "Spirit of Aton" A Religious Reformer

  12. A Religious Reformer • Most Egyptians refused to accept Aton as the only God.  • Meanwhile Akhenaton became so devoted to his new religion that he neglected his duties as pharaoh.

  13. The Boy King • Tutankhamen was the next pharaoh • He was only 10 years old • He relied on help of palace officials and priests to help him rule

  14. The Boy King • At the age of 19, Tutankhamen mysteriously died • King Tut’s tomb was discovered in 1922 • The mummy was still preserved

  15. Ramses II was a pharaoh who attempted to make Egypt great again He regained lands lost to the Hittites and rebuilt the empire The End of the New Kingdom

  16. Egypt’s Decline and Fall • After Ramses II, Egypt’s power began to fade • By 1150 BC, Egyptians had lost their empire and only controlled the Nile delta

  17. Egypt’s Decline and Fall • In 760 BC, the people of Kush seized power • In 670, The Assyrians took over Egypt.

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