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Using Past Participles as Adjectives

Using Past Participles as Adjectives. Past participles. Past participles are derived from verbs Often used as adjectives to describe nouns Examples: to break broken to close closed to write written to anger angry to sleep asleep to give given. Making a verb an adjective.

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Using Past Participles as Adjectives

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  1. Using Past Participles as Adjectives

  2. Past participles • Past participles are derived from verbs • Often used as adjectives to describe nouns • Examples: • to break broken • to close closed • to write written • to anger angry • to sleep asleep • to give given

  3. Making a verb an adjective • To make a verb an adjective: AR: -ar add ADO ER/IR -er/ir add IDO

  4. Give the participle: EnglishVerbPast Participle • closed • taken • turned in • eaten • hidden • spoken • asleep cerrar cerrado tomar tomado entregado entregar comido comer escondido esconder hablado hablar dormido dormir

  5. Participios irregulares decir dicho romper roto hacer hecho ver visto escribir escrito descubrirdescubierto poner puesto resolver resuelto morir muerto freírfrito abrir abierto cubrircubierto volver vuelto devolver devuelto

  6. dicho hecho escrito puesto muerto Abierto Vuelto roto Visto descubierto Which ones are not in the song?

  7. Using past participles as adjectives • When using a past participle as an adjective, normal adjective rules apply • Adjective must agree in GENDER (masculine/ feminine) and NUMBER (singular/plural) with noun it describes • the closed door • the lost dog s • a seated child • some decorated houses la puerta cerrada los perros perdidos un niño sentado unas casas decoradas

  8. Using past participles as adjectives in sentences • Use the verb ESTAR if you are referring to the RESULT of an action having been carried out: • The window is closed. La ventana está cerrada. • The taxes are included. Los impuestos están incluidos. • My keys are lost. Mis llaves están perdidas. • Derrick was asleep. Derrick estaba dormido. *Be careful with the use of the present or past tense!!*

  9. Using past participles as adjectives in sentences • Use the verb SER if you are referring to an action BEING carried out: • The poem was written by Shakespeare. El poema fue escrito por Shakespeare. • The shirts are made in Mexico. Las camisas son hechas en Mexico. • Our sisters were injured in the accident. Nuestras hermanas fueron heridas en el accidente. • I was arrested last night. Fui arrestado(a) anoche. *Be careful with the use of the present or past tense!!*

  10. Change in Subject: Don’t forget that when referring to an action BEING carried out, the thing being carried out then becomes the subject. Ex: La profesora cerró las puertas. La puertas fueron cerradas por la profesora.

  11. Práctica—Complete with the correct participle enojado 1. Mi papá está ___________. (mad) 2. Las composiciones fueron ___________ (written) en clase. 3. Mi mochila estaba ___________ (open). 4. Los papeles fueron ___________ (corrected) por la profesora. 5. Yo estoy muy ____________ (interested). 6. Los criminales son ___________ (put) en la carcel. escritas abierta corregidos interesado(a) puestos

  12. Práctica—Complete with the correct correct form of SER or ESTAR (past) fue 1. La película _________ producida por Jim. 2. Los libros _________ organizados en los estantes (shelves). 3. Yo _________ muy cansado. 4. Los periódicos _________ vendidos en un quiosco en la calle. 5. El niño _________ abandonado por su mamá. 6. Tú _________ muy confundido, ¿no? estaban estaba fueron fue estabas

  13. Translate 1. My car was stolen. 2. The flowers are dead. 3. The house is destroyed. 4. Of Mice and Men was written by (por) Steinbeck.

  14. 1. My car was stolen. Mi carro fue robado. 2. The flowers are dead. Las flores están muertas. 3. The house is destroyed. La casa está destruida. 4. Of Mice and Men was written by (por) Steinbeck. Of Mice and Men fue escrito por Steinbeck.

  15. Ask yourself: 1.Ser o estar? 2. Past or present? 3. Does my adjective agree in gender and in number?

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