Cloud Computing:

1. Cloud Computing: Theirs, Mine and Ours Belinda G. Watkins, VP EIS - Network Computing FedEx Services March 11, 2011

2. Cloud Computing: Definitions • Wikipedia: computation, software, data access, and storage services that do not require end-user knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services. • Robert Carter, CIO of FedEx:”general purpose computing”. The ability to connect servers, networking, and storage that are “workload agnostic” • Jobs can shuffled around among company computers so machines are used as efficiently as possible Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

3. Cloud Computing: Public Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

4. Cloud Computing: Theirs • Benefits • Generally lower cost for smaller footprints • Speed to implementation • Minimizes development and operations staff • Allows IT to focus on company differentiators • Standardizes business process with best in class approaches Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

5. Cloud Computing: Theirs • CloudX.com • FedEx Use • Customer Relationship Management • Single interface for: • Sales Contacts • Sales Calls • Sales Pipeline • Sales Leads Status • Opportunities Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

6. Integration of Global CXDC with FedEx Global access is secure via VPN from within FedEx thru regional proxy servers Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

7. Integration of Wireless CXDC with FedEx Wireless and BB access and synchronization leverages the existing infrastructure. Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

8. Data Movement Design Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

9. Overall Project Timeline The global rollout will service 7,700+ users. Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

10. Cloud Computing: Theirs • Considerations: • Community involvement during vendor evaluation • Get Business, IT, InfoSec, Sourcing and Legal engaged as early as possible • Understand what technology will be used in the cloud • Identify system limitations, particularly our volumes and their capabilities • Be firm with the Service Level Agreement • Throttles are imposed in a multi tenant environment. • Everything has a cost, regardless of location • Plan on spending more resources on infrastructure and development than you think • The cloud tests environment capacity limits • Understand how much data transformation the vendor is capable of performing Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

11. Cloud Computing: Theirs • Advise: • Approach a cloud solution like a major ERP implementation • Understand Legal and Information Security requirements • Validate SLAs in terms of performance and uptime • Question maturity of Data Exchanges between clouds • May require ETL efforts for Integration with other systems or cloud solutions • Forced upgrades exist in most cloud solutions Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

12. Cloud Computing: Mine • HDS • FedEx’s Hosted Database Services (HDS) is a set of standard hardware, software, and processes that provide OLTP database functionality that is: • Homogeneous and predictable • Low cost • Pre-provisioned • Highly available and scalable • Able to support 90% or more of FedEx Services’ OLTP database needs • We will re-host approximately 400 databases in 5 data centers onto this standard architecture. Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

13. Approach • Migrate OLTP database workloads onto Oracle RAC (Real Application Clusters) running on Red Hat Linux v5.4 • Scale out large workloads by expanding clusters to more nodes • Stack smaller databases together to achieve economies of scale • Take advantage of this extreme standardization to provide better service at a lower cost Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

14. HDS is based on the RAC Database Architecture Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

15. Overall Technical Architecture Thin JDBC connections from apps are first routed through an OID layer which directs the connection to the proper cluster and node Application server layer Oracle Internet Directory (OID) High-volume apps use connections with node affinity, making maximum use of local cache Small DB schemas stacked on 4-node clusters HDS DB clusters SAN uses Oracle’s ASM for volume management Larger DBs on their own 4-to-8 node clusters Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

16. Cloud Computing: Mine • Design Features • Automated Service Level Agreements • HDS provides agreed-upon throughput and storage to the application • The application does not exceed transaction rates, connection, or storage requirements • Stacking of Multiple Schemas per Cluster • Security, space, backup, and recovery all managed at the Schema level • Enabled by the use of Oracle Services • One database per cluster; multiple schemas per database Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

17. Cloud Computing: Mine • Design Features • Connection Abstraction • The application need not know where the DB server is located, who he is stacked with, how many nodes he is running on • Enabled by Oracle Internet Directory (OID) • “Private cloud” computing • Rehosting • By use of DB replication (Oracle’s Goldengate), schemas can be relocated • Maintenance and upgrades can be done with near-zero downtime Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours

18. Cloud Computing: Mine Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours • What’s Different for the Developer? • Application will connect to the database using Oracle Services • The HDS database clusters will use GMT time • We need to test failover in the clustered environment • Larger database workloads will perform better if using node affinity

19. Cloud Computing: Mine Cloud Computing:Theirs, Mine and Ours • Results To Date • 70 database schemas migrated onto 17 RAC clusters • Our default cluster size is 4 nodes • We will be stacking deeper, as our utilization on these 17 clusters is below 20% • COTS software remains a challenge

20. Cloud Computing: Theirs, Mine and Ours Thank you!