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INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR. WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR. The multi-disciplinary study of people, groups, and their behavior and interactions in organizations. Why? . What influences behavior?. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT. Goal? Soldiering
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WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR • The multi-disciplinary study of people, groups, and their behavior and interactions in organizations. • Why? • . • What influences behavior?
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT • Goal? • Soldiering • People are rational, economic beings that will act on their own interests. • Four steps • Break the job down • Scientifically select and train • Repetition • Supervise employees • Monitor employees • Piecework • Plan the work
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT:EVALUATION • Limitations • Contributions? • Specific practices? • Jobs/Industries?
Human Relations Movement:The Hawthorne Studies ILLUMINATION STUDY WIRING ROOM STUDY • Tested the impact of lighting on productivity • Uncovered the “Hawthorne Effect” • Workers produced more because managers paid attention to them. • Shifted management focus from purely economic to humanistic • Tested the influence of individual and group behavior • Workers’ output influenced by: • Group norms • Social pressures • Informal organization • Impetus for field of organizational behavior
HUMAN RELATIONS ASSUMPTIONS • Individual attitudes and behaviors are important • Organizations are social systems • Our behavior is shaped by the social context • Informal work group may have a stronger impact on behavior than management actions and economic rewards • Jobs should enable people to develop and grow • Basic Principle • Job satisfaction = Productivity
McCGREGOR’S THEORY THEORY Y THEORY X • Lazy • Dislike work • Avoid responsibility • Must be tightly controlled • Motivated • Able • Need freedom to fulfill potential
HUMAN RELATIONS:EVALUATION • Limitations? • Contributions?
MODERN THEORIES • Contingency Perspective • Systems Perspective • Interrelated elements functioning as a whole • Organizations are open systems
Interpersonal Influence and Group Behavior Organizational System/Structure The Individual THE ORGANIZATION’S ENVIRONMENT • Group behavior and work teams • Intergroup conflict and negotiations • Organizational power and politics • Communication • Motivation • Skills & Abilities • Perception • Personality • Attitudes • Values • Leadership • Communications • Decision making • Reward System • Job Design INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR IN THE ORGANIZATION